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(of a disease or symptom) beginning abruptly with marked intensity or sharpness, then subsiding after a relatively short; opposite of chronic
acute
-
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an exaggerated life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction to a previously encountered allergen
anaphylaxis
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any substance that is capable, under appropriate conditions, of inducing a specific immune response and of reacting with the products of that response; that is, with specific antibody or specifically sensitized T-lymphocytes or both. When used to describe an allergic response, these are called allergens
antigen
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pertaining to a substance or procedure that reduces fever.
antipyretic
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hereditary tendency to experience immediate allergic reactions (allergic asthma)
atopy
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a drug that relaxes contractions of the smooth muscle of the bronchioles to improve ventilation of the lungs
bronchodilator
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(of a disease or disorder) developing slowly and persisting for a long period, often for the remainder of a person's lifetime; opposite of acute
chronic
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(contagious) any disease transmitted from one person to another. Direct: from excreta or other bodily discharges. Indirect: from substances or inanimate objects (contaminated drinking glass, water, insects, or toys)
communicable disease
-
profuse discharge from mucous membrane of the nose
coryza
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labored or difficult breathing
dyspnea
-
abnormal accumulation of fluids in the intercellular spaces of tissues causing swelling
edema
-
increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms
exacerbation
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backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus where gastric juices produce a burning sensation
bastroesophageal reflux
-
specialized epithelial cell that secretes mucus
goblet cell
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any infection associated with a medical or surgical intervention
healthcare-associated infection
-
spitting of blood from lesion in the larynx, treachea, or lower respiratory tract
hemoptysis
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greater rate and volume of breathing than metabolically necessary for pulmonary gas exchange, which may lead to dizziness and possible syncope
hyperventilation
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diminished availability of oxygen to the body tissues characterized by tachycardia, hypertension, peripheral vasoconstriction, and mental confusion
hypoxia
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a vague uneasy feeling of body weakness, often marking the onset of, and persisting throughout, a disease
malaise
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constituent of connective tissue; releases substances in response to injury or infection
mast cell
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intermediary substance that effects a change
mediator
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viscous, slippery secretion of mucous membranes and glands. contains mucin, white blood cells, inorganic salts, and exfoliated cells
mucus
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muscle pain accompanied by malaise
myalgia
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pertaining to, or originating in, a hospital
nosocomial
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pneumonia contracted during confinement in a hospital or nursing home
nosocomial pneumonia
-
ability to breathe easily only in an upright position
orhopnea
-
-
delicate membrane enclosing the lungs
pleura
-
inflammation of the pleura; may be caused by infection, injury, or tumor, or a complication of lung diseases
pleurisy
-
collection of air or gas causing the lungs to collapse
pneumothorax
-
condition of abnormally high pressure within the pulmonary circulation
pulmonary hypertension
-
instrument for measuring volume of air entering and leaving the lungs to determine lung function and breathing capacity
spirometer
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abnormally rapid rate of breathing (more than 20 breaths per minute)
tachypnea
-
direct opening into the trechea through the neck to facilitate breathing or removal of secretions
tracheostomy
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breathe with difficulty, usually with a whistling sound
wheezing
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