topographic.txt

landmark for palatine tonsil (in oropharynx), c3, soft palate

between eac and lat canthus, floor of the sphenoid sinus and roof of nasopharynx located there, 1cm above it is the floor of sella, 1.5cm above it is pituitary gland, upper part of pterygoid process and upper part of pyergoid fossa

*vertebrea, *pelvis and long bones, sternum, ribs, skull, scapula

fever, huge treatment fields, bleeding problem from tumor

posterior wall of nasopharynx (anterior to it), anterior border of c1, mastoid tip, retropharyngeal nodes (ant to it, posteror to lumin of phyrnx), posterior limit of off cord field

upper limit is temporo mandibular joint (zygoma), postieror limit is antior border of mastoid tip, inferior limit is between mandible and hyoid bone, anterior limit is anterior border of ramus and anterior border of masseter to inclue stenson duct

upper border of c4, transveral plane is the limit between oro and hypopharynx, anterior part is the pharyngo epiglottic fold and vallecula, posterior part jugulo diastic node and bifurcation of the carotid artery

c4-c5, floor fo the ventricle

inferior border of c7

prominent spinous process, c7, lower boarder of larynx and hypopharynx, neglected lymph node supra omophyoid,

under is the supra omohyoid node (direct drainage from tip of tounge)

at c7

mandibular angle

on both sides of sternoclediomastoid muscle

t2-t3, edge of clavical

2.5cm from midline - 5cm wide ap field, medistium - more likely 8cm wide

t10, diaphargm

t5, dark on xray

into the right and left mainstem bronchus

just above carina, t4-t5

l4/l5, umbilicus, iliac crests, aortic bifurcation, top of common iliac ln, lower extend of p aortic nodes.

more reliable in obese patients or after surgury

located top of l1, mideway between sternoxyphoid juction and umbilicus (l4/l5), 5 cm from midline-kidney hilum, top of pancreus head, gallbladder, c loop of duodenum

femoral neck, midline

femoral head and above

t4/t5

t10

inside vetebrea where spinal cord runs

mastoid tip, base of tragus

angle of mandible

hyoid bone

thyoid cartilage, vocal cords

level of inferior border of cricoid cart

1 - 1.5 inches above sternal notch

sternal notch

sternal angle (juction of manubrium and body of sternum)

carina

center of sternal body

end of xiphoid process

pancreus head

lower costal margins, ribs

illiac crest

second sacral segment

beginning of rectum

coccyx

kidney