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What is histology
The study of Tissues
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What are the four major tissue types?
- Connective
- Muscle
- Neural
- Epithelial
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Features of Epithelial Tissue
- Covers exposed surfaces
- Lines internal passageways
- Produce glandular secretions
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Where is epithelial tissue found?
- Skin
- Glands
- Line passageways
- Line Cavities
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Types of Epithelial Tissue
Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar, Transitional, and stratified and stratified variants
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Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue
- Flat Shape allows substances to either diffuse easily through the cell or be filtered through it.
- Secretions reduce friction
- Lines body cavities, blood vessels, heart, alveoli of lungs
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Simple Cuboidal Cell
- Function Secretion and absorption
- Location: Ducts of glands; kidney tubules; follicles of thyroid gland
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Simple Columnar Epithelial
- Ciliated: found in uterine tubes
- Non ciliated: Stomach, small intestine large intestine, and gall bladder
- function: absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances.
- also move things with cilia
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Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
- Ciliated: Nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi
- Non Ciliated: ducts of male reproductive tract
- Function: protection; secretion; movement of mucus by cilia
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Stratified squamous epithelium
- keratinized: epidermis of skin
- non-keratinized: Lining of mouth, pharynx, esophagus, anus, and vagina
- Function: provides physical protection to underlying tissues against abrasion and pathogens
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Transitional Epithelium
- Location: lines uterus, urinary bladder, urethra, and renal pelvis
- function: easily allows stretching and recoiling
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What types of glands are there?
Exocrine: excrete into external surfaces or ducts that connect to the exterior
Endocrine: secrete hormones or precursors into interstitial fluid (distribution into bloodstream)
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Features of connective tissue:
- Specialized Cells
- Extracellular Protein Fibers
- Matrix (ground substance)
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Types of connective tissue
- Connective Tissue Proper
- Fluid Connective Tissue
- Supporting Connective Tissue
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Connective Tissue propper
- Loose: areolar, Adipose, and reticular
- Dense: Dense regular, Dense irregular, and elastic
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Fluid Connective Tissue
- Blood: flows within cardiovascular system
- Lymph: flows within lymphatic system
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four types of membranes
- Mucous Membranes: Line passages and chambers that lead to the outside
- Serous Membranes: line the pleura of the lungs
- Cutaneous Membrane: covers the surface of the body
- Synovial Membrane: covers mobile joint cavities, not opposing joint surfaces
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Faschia
Connective tissue layers and wrappings that support and surround organs
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What tissues are epidermis made of
stratified squamous, keratinized
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5 layers of epidermis
- Stratum Corneum
- Stratum Lucidum
- Stratum Granulosum
- Stratum Spinosum
- Stratum Basale
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What is the dermis made of?
papillary layer of areolar tissue and a reticular layer of dense irregular connective tissue
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2 layers of the dermis
- papillary layer
- Reticular layer
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three things that affect skin color
- genetics
- sun exposure
- blood stream
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Tactile corpuscle (meissner)
fine touch
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Lamellated Corpuscle (Pacinian)
Deep pressure and vibration
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Sudoriferous glands
Sweat Glands
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