Justice Midterm

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Cardinal Rules
- Criminal behavior if successful will repeat itself "MO"
- Criminals always have an exaggerated sense of importance.
- Sex is always involved
- 99% of all investigations will involve sex, alcohol, or narcotics or all 3.
Video court

Its an extension of the court if its in a cell.
Plea Bargain take place??

Anytime before trial.
Exclusionary Rule

Mapp vs Ohio 1961-
What things to do when an investigator arrives at a scene? 8
- Loof for suspect (arrest if his at scene)
- Freeze your scene(wrap yellow take around scene)
- Hold everyone at the scene for information
- Get there quickly or evidence will disappear
- Search and preserve evidence
- Record all relevant information in a sigle notebook
- Forensic spealist
Theory method
- Observation of crime
- Focus on crime scene
- develop your theory must account for all known facts
Investigator must reach for what?
- MOTIVE-reason
- OPPORTUNITY-was there physical access (did they have means to do it)
Who did it and how did it happen
When does criminal investigation begin?

It begins anywhere
Investigators must established what first before theory?

Motive and opportunity
Theory guidelines

theory has to account to all known facts. (must match if it doesn't throw out get new one)
3 methods to communication
- Sender
- Receiver
- understanding
2 types of communication
- 15% verbal
- 85% metaphysical or Paralanguage (body language)
Messages: when a positive turns to negative message is what?

Distorted (cognitive processing deficit)
3 physical needs
- food
- water
- sleep
3 psychological needs
- Sense of importance
- sense of independence
- sense of belonging
Ego Defense Mechanism to save ego (how to deal with frustration)
- Rationalize (not my fault)
- Denial (pretend it didn't happen)
- Projection(guilt is projected to something else)
- Displacement (boss yell, man yells at wife,...bird pays)
- Fight or flight (either when cornered)
- The one exception complex
Must have what to ARREST?

Need probable cause.
dont need what to arrest?

Dont need name (need a description)
Probable cause?

Reasonable suspicion that a crime was committed 51% proof that person in question did it.
felony and misdemeanor arrest?

Arrest felony but only arrest misdemeanor if it was in from of police or witness.
Domestic violence

probable cause to make misdemeanor arrest.
Will get sued if what?

Lethal force
What are the 3 "I" to achieve objectives?
- Information (90% gathering)
- Interrogation
- Instrumentation (crime lab analysis)
Name 3 major myths
- All crime can be solved
- suspect always leave traces at the scene
- theres always enough evidence to identify suspect
Sources of information
- Legitimate sources
- citizens
- company records
- ncis
- phone record
what is the best kind of sources of information?

Cultivated sources (build credibility for informants)
When is motive not needed?

When its a 1st degree murder
how to list evidence at a crime scene

Card number on all evidence
Methods of search
- Strip method (hands together walk in field) body size
- Double strip (shoe box, walk then shift in the area
- Spiral method (perimeter-good for indoors)
- Wheel( center and walk out then return center)
- Zone ( president one person per small square)
Best places to find evidence
- cracks in floor
- check for new paint
- closet
- garbage
- toilet tanks
- washing machine
- VACUM CLEANER/BAG
Evaluation of evidence
- Determine its significance
- Does evidence help prove identity
Crime scene sketch
- All entries must be made by 1 person
- no changes after you leave scene
- on scene not in office
- CONPASS DIRECTION( Measure movable to in-movable
- Calibrate equipment for distance
Finger print

Is circumstantial evidence since it an image
Physical evidence
- Corpus delicti evidence
- associative evidence (link to scene)
- identifying evidence
- trace evidence (recover credit cards)
- evaluating physical evidence
Caring for evidence
- 1 properly identify evidence
- 2 chain of custody ( number of people who handle it from the moment it was found to the moment it presented at court)
Preserve evidence
- protection
- collection
- identification
- preservation
- transmitation (chain of custody)
- disposition
Collection of evidence amount

Take enough for more then one test.
What is Courpus Delicti?

Elements of the crime
When is malice required?

1st and 2nd Murder require malice
ACT + Intent=

Crime
Exclusionary rule
- Mapp vs Ohio 1961
- Any evidence seized in violation of 4th amendment right must be excluded from trial
Exclusionary rule ( poisoned evidence can be used when?)

when its used as a collateral purpose not for guilty or innocent.
Is exclusionary rule a evidence rule or constitutional right?

Its an evidence rule.
Illegal methods of interrogation
- emotional appeal (over dramatize)
- mutton jeff routine
- bluffing a split pari
- pretend of evidence
- shifting the blame (i know how u feel) sympathetic
- phony line up
- exaggeration
All illegal methods of interrogation challenge what?

Its a denial of Due Process
2 classes of people not for polygraphs
- Mentally insane
- permanent physical condition
Admission is a what

Self incriminating statement
Confession is what?

Direct knowledge of guilt and knowledge of crime
Miranda is needed when?

For admission and confession
3 things to take a persons confession
- must be voluntary
- trusworthy
- taken by civilized police practices
when a confession is not reliable if what??

"shocks the conscience" of a reasonable person example promise of reward
Formatting of confession
- 1 P-identifying the statement and person and voluntary
- Body p-all elements of the crime
- conclusion p- short para taht person reat this document and then sign it.
Add witness for not force or coercion evidence

Author

iraisbunny

204367

Card Set

Justice Midterm

Description

Midterm for Adjust 106 Mr. White

Updated

2013-03-02T05:18:17Z

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