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Justice Midterm
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Cardinal Rules
Criminal behavior if successful will repeat itself "MO"
Criminals always have an exaggerated sense of importance.
Sex is always involved
99% of all investigations will involve sex, alcohol, or narcotics or all 3.
Video court
Its an extension of the court if its in a cell.
Plea Bargain take place??
Anytime before trial.
Exclusionary Rule
Mapp vs Ohio 1961-
What things to do when an investigator arrives at a scene? 8
Loof for suspect (arrest if his at scene)
Freeze your scene(wrap yellow take around scene)
Hold everyone at the scene for information
Get there quickly or evidence will disappear
Search and preserve evidence
Record all relevant information in a sigle notebook
Forensic spealist
Theory method
Observation of crime
Focus on crime scene
develop your theory must account for all known facts
Investigator must reach for what?
MOTIVE-reason
OPPORTUNITY-was there physical access (did they have means to do it)
Who did it and how did it happen
When does criminal investigation begin?
It begins anywhere
Investigators must established what first before theory?
Motive and opportunity
Theory guidelines
theory has to account to all known facts. (must match if it doesn't throw out get new one)
3 methods to communication
Sender
Receiver
understanding
2 types of communication
15% verbal
85% metaphysical or Paralanguage (body language)
Messages: when a positive turns to negative message is what?
Distorted
(cognitive processing deficit)
3 physical needs
food
water
sleep
3 psychological needs
Sense of importance
sense of independence
sense of belonging
Ego Defense Mechanism to save ego (how to deal with frustration)
Rationalize (not my fault)
Denial (pretend it didn't happen)
Projection(guilt is projected to something else)
Displacement (boss yell, man yells at wife,...bird pays)
Fight or flight (either when cornered)
The one exception complex
Must have what to ARREST?
Need probable cause.
dont need what to arrest?
Dont need name (need a description)
Probable cause?
Reasonable suspicion that a crime was committed 51% proof that person in question did it.
felony and misdemeanor arrest?
Arrest felony but only arrest misdemeanor if it was in from of police or witness.
Domestic violence
probable cause to make misdemeanor arrest.
Will get sued if what?
Lethal force
What are the 3 "I" to achieve objectives?
Information (90% gathering)
Interrogation
Instrumentation (crime lab analysis)
Name 3 major myths
All crime can be solved
suspect always leave traces at the scene
theres always enough evidence to identify suspect
Sources of information
Legitimate sources
citizens
company records
ncis
phone record
what is the best kind of sources of information?
Cultivated sources (build credibility for informants)
When is motive not needed?
When its a 1st degree murder
how to list evidence at a crime scene
Card number on all evidence
Methods of search
Strip method (hands together walk in field) body size
Double strip (shoe box, walk then shift in the area
Spiral method (perimeter-good for indoors)
Wheel( center and walk out then return center)
Zone ( president one person per small square)
Best places to find evidence
cracks in floor
check for new paint
closet
garbage
toilet tanks
washing machine
VACUM CLEANER/BAG
Evaluation of evidence
Determine its significance
Does evidence help prove identity
Crime scene sketch
All entries must be made by 1 person
no changes after you leave scene
on scene not in office
CONPASS DIRECTION( Measure movable to in-movable
Calibrate equipment for distance
Finger print
Is circumstantial evidence since it an image
Physical evidence
Corpus delicti evidence
associative evidence (link to scene)
identifying evidence
trace evidence (recover credit cards)
evaluating physical evidence
Caring for evidence
1 properly identify evidence
2 chain of custody ( number of people who handle it from the moment it was found to the moment it presented at court)
Preserve evidence
protection
collection
identification
preservation
transmitation (chain of custody)
disposition
Collection of evidence amount
Take enough for more then one test.
What is Courpus Delicti?
Elements of the crime
When is malice required?
1st and 2nd Murder require malice
ACT + Intent=
Crime
Exclusionary rule
Mapp vs Ohio 1961
Any evidence seized in violation of 4th amendment right must be excluded from trial
Exclusionary rule ( poisoned evidence can be used when?)
when its used as a collateral purpose not for guilty or innocent.
Is exclusionary rule a evidence rule or constitutional right?
Its an evidence rule.
Illegal methods of interrogation
emotional appeal (over dramatize)
mutton jeff routine
bluffing a split pari
pretend of evidence
shifting the blame (i know how u feel) sympathetic
phony line up
exaggeration
All illegal methods of interrogation challenge what?
Its a denial of Due Process
2 classes of people not for polygraphs
Mentally insane
permanent physical condition
Admission is a what
Self incriminating statement
Confession is what?
Direct knowledge of guilt and knowledge of crime
Miranda is needed when?
For admission and confession
3 things to take a persons confession
must be voluntary
trusworthy
taken by civilized police practices
when a confession is not reliable if what??
"shocks the conscience" of a reasonable person example promise of reward
Formatting of confession
1 P-identifying the statement and person and voluntary
Body p-all elements of the crime
conclusion p- short para taht person reat this document and then sign it.
Add witness for not force or coercion evidence
Author
iraisbunny
ID
204367
Card Set
Justice Midterm
Description
Midterm for Adjust 106 Mr. White
Updated
2013-03-02T05:18:17Z
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