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Disease
Any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any body part, organ or system
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DAMNIT-V
- Developmental, Degenerative
- Anomaly, Allergic, Autoimmune
- Metabolic
- Nutritional, Neoplastic, Neurologic
- Inflammatory, Immune, Iatrogenic, Idiopathic, Infectious
- Traumatic, Toxic
- Vascular (incl. coagulation)
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Physical and Chemical Problems
- Toxicological problems
- Fungal toxins
- Plant poisoning
- Nutrient toxicoses
- Heavy metals
- Gases, etc
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Circulatory Diseases
- Various etiologies (heart, vessels, etc)
- May related to other disease processes
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Digestive Diseases
Nutritional, metabolic, traumatic
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Reproductive Diseases
- Abortion
- Dystocia
- Failures of lactation
- Repeat Breeders (M or F)
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Hardware Disease
- Not really an "infectious disease", but involves infection
- A traumatic injury to the reticulum
- May occur as herd outbreak
- C/S: digestive upset, fever, production drop, loss of body condition, +/- heart disease symptoms
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Non-infectious Disease may have various presentation, or underlying causes, use the mnemonic
- Allergic or inflammatory diseases
- Urinary diseases
- Neurologic
- Muscoskeletal
- Dermatologic
- Neoplasitc (Cancers)
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Many disease are primarily associated with life stages or certain groups
- Developmental
- Degenerative
- Metabolic
- Neoplasia (cancers)
- Nutritional
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Production Disease
- Referred traditionally to those diseases induced by management practice (metabolic diseases, nutritional problems)
- Recently, "production related diseases" expanded to include other trais, such as infertility, and diseases such as mastitis and lameness that might involve infectious agents but are exacerbated by nutritional or management factors
- Relates to expected productivity if animals
- Maintenance of "health" in a high-production animal includes; Fertility, dietary management, multifactorial diseases
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Noninfectious disease in Dairy Cattle
- Energy Metabolism Associated Disease
- -Fat cow syndrome
- -Ketosis
- -Retained placenta
- -Infertility
- Diseases associate with low fiber/acidosis
- -bloat, laminitis, indigestion/off feed, liver abscesses, displaced abomasum
- Calcium/Phosphorus metabolism diseases/complication
- -Hypocalcemia (milk fever)
- Hardware Disease (Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis and Pericarditis)
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Development of Orthopedic Diseases in Horses
- Includes any disturbance in changing the cartilaginous precursor of the skeleton to functional bone
- Young growing horses
- Six distinct disease entities fall under the general term developmental orthopedic disease
- Osteochondrosis dessicans - a flap develops from the articular cartilage due to failure of cartilage to be properly converted into bone
- Epiphysitis and physitis - an inflammation at the growth plate occuring when the bone is weak
- Subchondral bone cysts - occur as a result in failed endchondrial ossification
- Osteochondrosis of the vertebral colums (wobbler syndrome) - cervival vertebrae does not form correctly, pinching the spinal column
- Acquired angular limb deformities - result from poor bone formation and unbalanced strength of the limb
- Flexural deformities such as contracted tendons - result of poor bone formation and increased pain
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Hip Dysplasia
- Common in large dog breeds, either at 5-10 months of age or in older patients with chronic degenerative joint disease
- Risk factors include breed (genetic), rapid growth and nutrient excesses
- Treatments- surgical or medical management; medical rest, antiinflammatories, chondroprotectants, weight loss
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Bovine Ocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma (a Neoplasia)
- AKA "Cancer Eye"
- High Heritability
- White-faced breeds, esp. hereford
- Over 5 years of age
- Prolonged exposure to UV light
- Cause of culling, condemnation at slaughter
- Treatment - surgery, cryosurgery, hyperthermia, others experimentally
- Treatment is temporary measure - high rate of recurrence
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