Medical terminology

  1. NG
    naso-gastric
  2. CBC
    complete blood count
  3. Stationary blood clot
    thrombus
  4. blood clot that travel through the vascular system untill it lodges in blood vessels.
    embolus
  5. PE
    pulmonary embolism
  6. separation of wound layers
    Dehiscence
  7. the separation of wound along with the protrusion of abdominal organs
    Evisceration
  8. the absence of nomal intestinal(ileus) function from the lack of peristalsis after surgery
    Post-operative ileus
  9. Thrombus causing inflammation of a vein
    thrombophlebitis
  10. when organs and tissues do not get enough blood because of an inadequate amount of blood
    hypovolemic shock
  11. the collapse of portion of lung
    atelectasis
  12. when layers of the skin rub against each other, or ........ is when the skin remains in place and underlying  tissues move and stretch and tear underlying capillaries and blood vessels
    shear
  13. A localized injury to the skin and/ or underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence resulting from pressure or pressure in combination with shear and/ or friction; any lesion caused by unrelieved pressure that results in damage to underlying tissues
    Pressure ulcer. decubitus ulcer.
  14. dead tissue that is shed from the skin; it is usually light colored, soft, and moist; stringy.
    slough
  15. thick, leathery dead tissue that may be losse or adgered to the skin; it is often black or brown
    eschar
  16. Rapid and deep respirations followed by 10-30 second of apnea
    Biot's respiration
  17. respirations gradually increase in rate and depth and then become shallow and slow; breathing may stop(apnea) for 10-20 second
    Cheyne-strokes respirations
  18. Difficult, labored, or painful breathing
    dyspnea
  19. Bloody Sputum
    hemoptysis
  20. a reduced amount of oxygen in the blood 
    hypoxemia
  21. cells do not have enough oxygen
    hypoxia
  22. very deep and rapid respiration
    kussmaul respiration
  23. Breathing deeply and comfortably only when sitting
    orthopnea breathing
  24. when breathing stops
    respiratory arrest
  25. slow, week respirations at a rate of fewer than 12 per minute
    respiratory depression
  26. the pleura is punctured. air or fluid is removed from it
    thoracentesis
  27. laboratory test measure the amount of O2 in the blood "Pulse Oximetry"
    Arterial blood gas(ABGs)
  28. Blood in the pleural space.
    Hemothorax
  29. the escape and collection of fluid in the pleural space
    Pleural effusion
  30. air in the pleural space
    pneumothorax
  31. a surgically created opening into the trachea
    tracheostomy
  32. intubation; inserted through the mouth into the pharynx
    Oropharyngeal airway intubation
  33. intubation; inserted through the mouth or nose and into the trachea.
    Endotracheal tube(ET tube) intubation.
  34. Tracheostomy tube
    Tracheostomy tube
  35. a build up of lymph in the tissue causing edema
    lymphedema
  36. plaque on artery wall
    atherosclerosis
  37. chest pain 
    angina
  38. Heart muscle death
    Myocadial Infarction
  39. cardioversion; electrical shock is given to stop an abnormal rhythm
    defibrillation
  40. areas of tissue in the heart sending abnormal electrical signals are destroyed
    ablation
  41. COPD
    chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  42. continuous bronchitis
    chronic bronchitis
  43. Trapped air; barrel chest
    emphysema
  44. virus infection; influenza
    flu; influenza
  45. bacterial infection in the lung
    tuberculosis
  46. cancer involving cells in the immune system
    Hodgkins lymphoma & Non Hodgkin's lymphoma
  47. the field of medicine focused on the treatment and control of obesity
    bariatrics
  48. the branch of medicine concerned with problems and diseases of old age and older person
    geriatrics
  49. the person weighs 100lb or more over his or her normal weight
    morbid obesity
  50. the branch of medicine concerned with the care of woman during pregnancy, labor, and child birth and for 6 to 8 weeks after birth
    obstetrics
  51. chicken pox
    air borne; direct contact with skin lesions
  52. shingles
    herpes zoster
  53. diphtheria
    respiratory secretion, skin lesion
  54. measles
    rubeola; nasal secretions
  55. German measles
    rubella; air borne or direct contact with secretions from nose
  56. Mumps
    epidemic parotitis; direct contact with saliva droplets
  57. whooping cough
    pertussis; Air borne, direct contact with droplets from respiratory tract
  58. poliomyelitis
    Air borne, direct contact with respiratory secretion or feces
  59. Scarlet fever
    Air borne, or direct contact with nasal & pharyngeal secretions
  60. loss of epidermis caused by scratching or when skin rubs against skin, clothing, or other material
    excoriation
  61. decubitus ulcer
    circularory ulcer; vascular ulcer
  62. venous ulcer
    stasis ulcer
  63. swelling that contains blood
    hematoma
  64. inflammation of the mouth
    stomatitis
  65. the loss of cognitive function that interferes with routine personal, social, and occupational activities
    dimentia
  66. false dementia mostly case of dilirium& depression
    pseudodementia
  67. a state of sudden, serere confusion and rapid changes in brain function; usually temporary & reversible
    Delirium
  68. Signs, symptoms and behaviors of Alzheimer's disease during hours of darkness
    Sundowning
  69. seeing, hearing, smelling, or felling something that is not real 
    hallucination
  70. false beliefs
    delusions
  71. disorder of the mind; the person has false beliefs and suspicion about a person or situation
    paranoia
  72. a condition of acidity low PH(below 7.35)
    Acidosis
  73. Acondition of basicity high PH(above 7.45)
    Alkalosis
  74. a condition resulting from excessive ketones(break down prodect from fats) in the blood; common during starvation and acute attacks of diabetes mellitus
    ketosis
  75. death of cell or group of cells due to injury or disease
    necrosis
  76. abnormal mass of proliferating cells. (benign or malignant)
    neoplasm
  77. cancer causers
    carcinogen
  78. canser causing genes
    oncogenes
  79. benign forms of oncogenes
    proto-oncogenes
  80. genetic disease resulting in abnormalities of connective tissue; People with ................ tend to be unusually tall, with long limbs and long, thin fingers.
    Marfan's syndrome
  81. lack of vitamin C needed to synthesize collagen
    scuvy
  82. cancer arising in epitherium
    carcinoma
  83. cancer arising in connective tissue
    sarcoma
  84. gland tumor
    adenoma
  85. malignant adenoma
    adenocarcinoma
  86. cancer on mesothelium(searosa)
    Mesothelioma
  87. separation of epidermis & dermis
    blister
  88. dermal tearing
    stretch mark
  89. cyanosis
    heart failure or severe respiratory disorders "blue skin"
  90. redness or erythma
    fever, hypertension, inflammation, allergy
  91. pallor or blanching
    pale, anemia, low blood pressure
  92. juundice
    yellow, liver disorder, yellow bile pigment on blood(bilirubin)
  93. Bronzing
    metalic appearance, Addison's disease adrenal cortex produce inadequate amount of steroid or pituitary gland tomors inappropriately secrete melanocyte stimulating hormons
  94. Black and blue marks or bruises
    clot under the skin- hematoma(blood swelling); contusion
  95. Inherited condition in which melanocytes do not synthersize melanin
    Albinism
  96. Inflammation of hair folicles & sebaceous glands
    boils & carbuncles
  97. small blisters around libs by herpes virus, emotional upset, fever, UV radiation can cause 
    cold sores(fever blister)
  98. itching, redness, and swelling progressing to blister formation caused by chemicals(eg: poison ivy) provoke allegic reaction
    contact dermatitis
  99. bedsore caused by interference with its blood supply usually happened over bony prominence
    decubitus ulser
  100. skin rash characterized by itching, blistering, oozing scaling of the skin. a common allergic reaction in children
    eczema
  101. a group of hereditary disorders caused by inadequate or faulty synthesis of keratin, collagen, BM"cement" that result in lack of cohesion between layers of skin and mucosa "Touch me not"
    Epidermolysis bullosa(EB)
  102. pink, fluid-filled, raised lesion(mouth & nose) developed yellow crust and eventually rupture, caused by staphylococcus infection, it is contagious
    Impetigo; school sore
  103. An inherited condition enzymes need to form the "heme" are lacking sunlight make lesions and scar/ finger, toe, nose disfigured, gums degenerates and teeth become prominant folklore about Vampire
    porphyria
  104. the most prevalent skin pigmentation disorder an autoimmune disorder "white, pink area of skin"
    vitiligo
  105. sustained high blood levels of Ca++ undesirable deposits of Ca++ in the blood vessels, kidneys, other organs.
    hypercalcemia
  106. "soft bone" osteoid is produced, but calcium salts are not deposite, so bones soften and weaken
    osteomalacia
  107. children disease of osteomalacia. Young bones are still growing rapidly, so it is much more severe, deformities of bone caused by insufficient calcium in the diet or vitamin D deficiency.
    Rickets
  108. excessive and haphazard bone deposit and endochondrial bone growth "dwarftism" 
    Achondroplasia
  109. abnormal projection from a bone
    bony spur
  110. pain in bone
    ostealgia
  111. inflamation of bony tissue
    osteitis
  112. brittle bone disease, a disorder in which the bone matrix contains inadequate amount of collagen
    osteogenesis imperfecta
  113. inflamation of bone and bone marrow
    osteomyelitis
  114. bone cancer
    osteosarcoma
  115. fracture in a diseased bone involving slight or no physical trauma
    pathologic fracture
  116. "pulling" Placing sustained tension on a body region to keep the part of a fractured bone in proper alignment
    Traction
  117. painful or difficult urination
    dysuria
  118. blood in the urine
    hematuria
  119. voiding; urination
    micturition
  120. Frequent urination of night
    nocturia
  121. scant amount of urine less than 500 ml in 24 hour
    oliguria
  122. abnormally large amount of urine
    polyuria
  123. indwelling catheter
    retention/ foley catheter
  124. inability to void
    urinary retention
  125. UTI
    urinary track infection
  126. pus in the urine
    pyuria
  127. the process of passing urine large amount of urine are produced - 1000 ml to 5000 ml / a day
    diuresis
  128. semi-liquid substances that mixture with food & gastric juice
    chyme
  129. corn-shaped, solid drug that is inserted into rectum
    suppository
  130. introduction of fluid into the rectum and lower colon 
    Enema
  131. surgically created opening between the colon and abdomal wall
    colostomy
  132. sugically created opening between the ileum &the abdominal wall
    ileostomy
  133. opening seen through the abdominal wall
    stoma
  134. stomach contents flow back from the stomach into the esophagus; major symtom is heart burn
    Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease(GERD)
  135. inflammation of esophagus
    Esophagitis
  136. upper part of the stomach is above the diaphragm
    hiatal hernia
  137. the pouches bulge outward through weak spot in the colon
    • Diverticulum (diverticulare :  to turn inside out)
    • diverticulosis
    • diverticulitis
  138. lack of insulin production, child diabetes
    Type 1
  139. body system's absorbtion of insulin is decreased.
    Type 2
  140. pregnant woman's diabetes
    gestational diabetes
  141. inflammation of kidney and pelvis
    pyelonephritis
  142. BPH
    benign prostatic hyperplasia
  143. surgically creating opening between a ureter and abdomen; patient who has problem with bladder and urethra
    urostomy
  144. the process of passing urine; large amount of urine are produced -1000 to 5000 ml a day
    diuresis
  145. STD occurs in woman; men are carriers
    Trichomoniasis
  146. difficulty of swallowing 
    dysphagia
  147. giving nutrients into the GI tract through a feeding tube
    enteral nutrition
  148. a feeding tube inserted through a surgically created opening in the stomach ; stomach tube
    gastrostomy tube
  149. the backward flow of stomach contents into the mouth
    regurgitation
  150. a feeding tube inserted into the stomach through a small incision made through the skin ; a lighted instrument is used to see inside a body cavity or organ
    • percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube;
    • PEG tube
  151. TPN
    total parenteral nutrition
  152. profuse sweating
    diaphoresis
  153. DVT
    deep vein thrombosis
  154. hair loss
    alopecia
  155. excessive body hair
    hirsutism
  156. infestation 
    capitis (head)
    coporis(body)
    pubis(pubis)
    pediculosis
  157. a relatively common congenital defect(1:700 birth) in which the soles of the feet face medially and toes point inferiorly
    club foot
  158. surgical removal of a vertebral lamina; most often done to relieve the symtoms of a ruptured disc
    laminectomy
  159. measurement of the dimensions of the inlet and outlet of the pelvis, usually to determine whether the pelvis is of adequate size to allow normal delivery of baby
    pelvimetry
  160. congenital defect of the vertebral column in which one or more of the vertebral arches are incomplete; impair neural functioning and encourage nervous system infections
    spina bifida
  161. Surgical procedure involving insertion of bone chips( or crushed bone) to immobilize and stabilize a specific region of vertebral column, particulary in cases of vertebral fracture and herniated discs
    spinal fusion
  162. Healthybone and cartilege are removed from one part of the body and transplanted to the injured joint
    osteochondral grafting
  163. healthy chondrocytes are removed from the body, cultivated in the lab, and implanted at the damaged joint
    autologous chondrocyte implantation
  164. undifferentiated mesenchymal cell are removed from bone marrow and placed in a gel, which is packed into an area of eroded cartilage
    mesenchymal stem cell regeneration
  165. 내시경 관절 수술
    arthroscopic surgery
  166. ligaments reinforcing a joint are stretched or torn dislocation; luxation; bones are forced out of alignment 
    sprain
  167. inflammation of a bursa and is usually caused by a blow or friction
    bursitis
  168. inflammation of tendon sheaths; typically caused by overuse
    tendonitis
  169. chronic, degenerative condition of joint
    osteoarthritis
  170. autoimmune disease, inflammatory disorder
    rheumatoid arthritis
  171. uric acid based inflammatory response
    gouty arthritis
  172. inflammatory disease caused by spirochete bacteria transmitted by bites of ticks that live on mice & deer
    lyme disease
  173. a variant of rheumatoid arthritis that chiefly affects males; it usually begins in the sacroiliac joints and progresses superiorly along the spine. The vertebrae become interconnected by fibrous tissue, causing the spine to become rigid (poker back)
    Anklosing spodylitis
  174. study of Joint
    Arthrology
  175. joint reforming; replacing a diseased joint with an artificial joint
    arthroplasty
  176. damage and softening of articular catilage on the posterior patella surface and the anterior surface of the distal femur
    chondromalacia patellae
  177. a term used by lay people to indicate disease involving muscle or joint pain
    rheumatism
  178. infammation of the synovial membrane of a joint copious amounts of synovial fluid to be produced leading to swelling and limitation of movement
    sinovitis
  179. the total or partial loss of the ability to use or understand language
    aphasia
  180. swallow
    phagia
  181. a ringing, roaring, hissing, or buzzing sound in the ear or head
    tinnitus
  182. dizziness
    vertigo
  183. 점자
    braille
  184. not to act or perform; cannot use speech muscle, understand & know what to say, but the brain cannot coordinate the speech muscle to make the words.
    Apraxia
  185. difficult speech; it is caused by nervous system damage; mouth and face muscles are affected; slurred speech, speaking slowly or softly, hoarseness, and drooling also can occur
    dysarthria
  186. clouding of the lens
    cataracts
  187. causes damage to optic nerves; no drains or not proper drainage of eye fluid; damage optic nerves by pressure; 시야가 점점 좁아짐; no cure
    glaucoma
  188. tiny blood vessels in the retina are damaged by diabetes; 검은 이물질이 시야를 가림.
    diabetic retinopathy
  189. blurs central vision; age related; 시야 중간에 흐릿한 원형의 가림막이 보임.
    macular degeneration
  190. infection of the middle ear; it often begins with infections that cause sore throats; cold or other respiratory infections; virus or bacteria
    otitis media
  191. inner ear disease, increased fluid in the inner ear
    Meniere's disease
  192. loss of muscle function, sensation or both
    paralysis
  193. disease that affects the arteries that supply blood to the brain 
    Stroke(CVA: celebro vascular accident)
  194. slow, progressive disorder with no cure
    tremore; ridged; stiff muscle; slow movement; stooped posture; impaired balance; mask like expression
    Parkinson's disease
  195. the myelin is destroyed, no cure
    Multiple sclerosis
  196. disease that attacks the nerve cells that control voluntary muscles; commonly called ................
    • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Lou Gehrig's disease
  197. head injury; TBI
    Traumatic Brain Injury
  198. this syndrome occurs with spinal cord injuries above the mid thoracic level; there is uncontrolled stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system; risk of stroke, MI, death
    autonomic dysreflexia
  199. a disease characterized by drooping upper eyelids difficulty swallowing and talking and generalized muscle weakness, involves a shortage of ACh receptors; autoimmune disease
    myasthenia gravis
  200. stiffness after death; cross bridge formation
    rigor mortis
  201. Tumor of glial cells
    glioma
  202. a group of inherited muscle; destroying diseases that generally appear during childhood
    muscular dystrophy
  203. by the age 30- gradual loss of muscle mass
    salcopenia
  204. chronic inflammation of a muscle; its connective tissue covering and tendons, and capsules of nearby joints
    fibromyositis; fibromyalgia
  205. protrusion of an organ through its body cavity wall
    hernia
  206. muscle pain
    myalgia
  207. any disease of muscle
    myopathy
  208. often refered pain; inflammation of muscle fascicle.
    myafacical pain syndrome
  209. RICE
    Rest, Ice, compression, elevation; treatment for pulled muscle 
  210. a sudden, involuntary twitch in muscle
    spasm
  211. spasm on face
    tic
  212. pulled muscle
    strain
  213. 1. state of sustained contraction of a muscle 
    2. an acute infectious disease caused by Clostridium tetani; persistent painful spasm of some of the skeletal muscle; lock jaw
    tetanus
  214. a muscle contusion
    charley horse
  215. common term for pain in the anterior compartment of leg
    shin splints
  216. tenderness due to trauma or overuse of the tendon of origin of the forearm extensor muscle at lateral epicondyle of the humerus
    Tennis elbow
  217. wryneck; a twisting of the neck
    torticollis
  218. a viral infection of the nervous system transmitted by the bite of an infected mammal
    rabies
  219. a viral infection of sensory neurons serving the skin
    shingles
  220. injuries and disorders of the muscles, tendons, ligaments joints and cartilege
    MSD; MusculoSkeletal Disorders
  221. loss of muscle strength from inactivity
    deconditioning 
  222. abnormally low bloodpressure when the person suddenly stands up; postural hypotension
    orthostatic hypotension
  223. a brief loss of consciousness; fainting
    syncope
  224. act of walking
    ambulation
  225. similar body parts are affected on both side of the body
    diplegia
  226. extra 21st chromosome, total 47 chromosome high risk of leukemia
    down syndrome
  227. inherited intellectual disabilities; girls often have milder symtoms than boys
    Fragile X syndrome
  228. a group of disorders involving muscle weakness or poor muscle control; the defect is in the motor region of the brain; the defect is from brain damage before
    cerebral palsy
  229. the person cannot control movement ; not fixed; the person has constant, slow, weaving, or writhing motions; drooling and grimacing result
    athetoid
  230. vertebrae do not form properly; a split in the vetebrae with spinal cord unprotected
    spina bifida 
  231. hidden spina bifida
    spina bifida occulta
  232. pouched spina bifida
    spina bifid cystica
  233. spina bifid cystica; no spinal cord in the sac
    meningocele
  234. spina bifid cystica; spinal cord in the sac
    meningomyelocele; myelomeningocele
  235. cerebrospinal fluid collects in the around brain
    hydrocephalus
  236. impotence
    eretile dysfunction
  237. mercy killing
    euthanasia
  238. any unauthorized touching of another person
    battery
  239. any threatened or implied act, whether carried out or not
    assult
  240. failure to meet the standard of care that can be resonably expected from a person with certain traing and experience
    negligence
  241. professional negligence
    malpractice
  242. written defamation of character
    libel
  243. spoken defamation of character
    slender
  244. prediction of possible outcome of the disease and potential for recovery
    prognosis
  245. caused by pressure on nerve in the wrist as a result of repetitive movement or trauma
    carpal tunnel syndrom
  246. caused by clostridium bacteria kills muscle tissue
    gangrene
  247. torn ligament; loosening of joint
    sprain
  248. sudden tearing of muscle fibers; pulled muscle
    strain
  249. a chronic neuromuscular disease that causes gradually increasing muscle weakness
    myasthenia gravis
  250. a chronic,  noncontagious, inherited skin disease in which too many epithelial cells are produced
    psoriasis
  251. caused by viral infection of the skin
    warts
  252. red blood cells not developed due to poor absorption of vitamin B12
    pernicious anemia
  253. inadequate hemoglobin due to iron shortage
    iron deficiency anemia
  254. bone marow destroyed anemia
    aplastic anemia
  255. mediterranean anemia
    thalassemia
  256. a ballooning out of arterial wall that weakens the wall and disrupts blood flow
    aneurysm
  257. heart pain caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen to the heart by coronary arteries
    angina pectoris
  258. a hardning or thickening of the arterial walls resulting in loss of elasticity and contractility
    Atherosclerosis
  259. inflammation of inner lining and heart valve
    endocarditis
  260. inflammation of cardiac muscle
    myocarditis
  261. inflammation of pericardium
    pericarditis
  262. blood cancer; an abnormal increase in white blood cells that are immature and less effective than mature cells in fighting infections; WBC replace RBC and become anemic
    Leukemia
  263. blood poisoning
    Septicema
  264. dilated veins filled with blood; loose elasticity
    varicose vein
  265. AIDS
    Aquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
  266. autoimmune; affect CT; Inflammation caused by ..........can affect many different body systems — including your joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, brain, heart and lungs.
    Systemic lupus erythematosus
  267. is an autoimmune disease, a disorder in which the immune system turns against the body's own tissues; the immune system attacks the thyroid. This can lead to hypothyroidism.
    Hashimoto's disease
  268. infection of tonsils(filtering through their lymph tissue)
    tonsilitis
  269. asthma, chronic bronchilitis, emphysema
    COPD
  270. nasal mucosa, runny nose; upper respiratory infection
    rhinitis
  271. sinuses, headache; upper respiratory infection
    sinusitis
  272. sore throat; upper respiratory infection
    phalyngitis
  273. hoarseness; upper respiratory infection
    laryngitis
  274. the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
    ascites
  275. the presence of stones in gallbladder
    cholelithiasis
  276. an inflammation of the gallbladder
    cholecystitis
  277. an inflammation of the mucous membranes that line the stomach and intestines caused by food poisoning infection and toxins
    gastroenteritis
  278. lining of the stomach becomes inflamed and can be caused by spicy foods &certain medications
    gastritis
  279. painful, dilated veins in the lower rectum or anus
    hemorrhoids
  280. pancreatitis/ peritonitis
    peritonitis/ pancreatitis
  281. an open sore in the lining of the digestive system
    ulcer
  282. stomach or duodenum ulcer
    peptic ulcer
  283. stomach ulcer
    gastric ulcer
  284. a severe inflammation of the colon with formation of ulcers and abscesses
    ulcerative colitis
  285. nephrons are unable to filter liquid waste form the blood
    renal failure(kidney)
  286. the build up of waste products in the blood
    uremia
  287. 투석
    hemodialysis
  288. inflammation of urethra; Urinary tract infection
    urethritis
  289. bladder inflammation; urinary tract infection
    cystitis
  290. inflammation of eyelid caused by bacteria or irritation from a particle of debris; pink eye
    conjunctivitis
  291. nearsightness; hard to see far object
    myopia
  292. farsightedness; hard to see near object
    hyperopia
  293. blurred vision; imperfect curvature of the cornea
    astigmatism
  294. loss of lens elasticity; nomal aging process
    presbyopia
  295. 2 types of hearing loss
    • conductive hearing loss
    • sensory hearing loss
  296. inner ear inflammation
    labyrinthitis
  297. TIAs
    Transient ischemic attacks; mini stroke
  298. CVA
    celebrovascular accident
  299. infection of the brain
    encephalitis
  300. a disorder of the brain resulting from abnormal electrical impulses in the neurons
    epilepsy
  301. inflammation of a nerve
    neuritis
  302. nerve pain 
    neuralgia
  303. caused by inadequate hormon production by adrenal cortex; excessive skin pigmentation; decreased sugar&salt in the blood, and decreased blood prssure
    Addison's disease
  304. excessive hormone production of the adrenal cortex triggered by over secretion of ACTH(Adreno CorticoTropic Hormone from anterior pituitary); Result in a redistribution of fat to create a more round face " moon face" and a jump below the back of neck "buffalo hump"; increase BP, hirsutism, easy bruising
    Cushing's syndrome
  305. unusual thirst; symtoms of diabetes mellitus
    polydipsia
  306. unusual hunger; symtoms of diabetes mellitus
    polyphagia
  307. caused by excessive parathomone that result in an increased Ca++ blood level; The excessive Ca++ levels cause stone formation in the urinary system and elsewhere; the bones are also robbed their calcium, and this make them vulnerable to fracture
    Hyperparathyroidism
  308. caused be inadequate parathormone and result in a decreased Ca++ blood level that interrupt the nomal function of nerves; this causes a condition called tetany, convulsive muscle twitching, and lead to death, if the respiratory muscles are affected
    Hypoparathyroidsm
  309. caused by excessive growth hormone(anterior) in adult; it causes an enlargement in the bones of the hand, feet & jaw
    Acromegaly
  310. caused by decrease in ADH(posterior); increase urine production that can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances
    Diabetes insipidus
  311. inadequate secretion of growth holmone as child develop
    dwarfism
  312. excessive secretion of growth holmone as child develop
    Gigantism
  313. nervousness, increase pulse, BP, sensitivity to heat, and decrease weight.
    Hyperthyroidism
  314. edema, obesity, lethargy(extreem fatique), decrease heart rate and mental function; increase cold sensitivity; thinning of the hair
    hypothyroidism
  315. menstrual disorders; absence of menstuation
    amenorrhea
  316. excessive bleeding; menstrual disorders
    menorrhagia
  317. painful menstrual cramp ; menstrual disorders
    dysmenorrhea
  318. blood clotting factor disorders
    hemophilia
  319. occurs when the fertilized ovum becomes implanted outside the uterus; the most common site is in the fallopian tube.
    Ectopic pregnancy
  320. the growth of endometrial tissue(which lines the uterus) outside the uterus; the tissue can be transferred from the uterus by the fallopian tubes, blood, lymph or during surgery
    Endometriosis
  321. tumors in the uterus; usually benign; after no symtoms
    fibroid tumors
  322. an inflammation of all the pelvicreproductive organs and causes scarring of the fallopian tubes; increase rate of octopic pregnancies & infertility STD are often cause of .................
    Pelvic Inflammatory Disease(PID)
  323. increase irritability, depression, impaired concentration, headache, edema
    PreMenstrual Syndrom (PMS)
  324. inflammation of the epididymis
    Epididymitis
  325. BPH
    Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
  326. RMIs
    • repetive motion injuries;
    • capaltunnel syndrome
    • thoracic outlet sysndrome
    • tendonitis
  327. an intestinal infection resulting in abdominal pain, cramping, and diarrhea is caused by Giadia lamblia "Traveler's diarrhea"; it is the most common intestinal parasite in the U.S.
    Dysentary
  328. particularly significance in pregnant woman because it can pass to the unborn child and result in death, blindness, or mental retardation; it is found in feces of birds and animals
    Toxoplasmosis
  329. caused by protozoa; usually not pathogenic but in patients with weakened immune system; it is very serious; common cause of death among AIDS patients
    Pneumocystis pneumonia
  330. caused by parasite that attacks the RBC and is characterized by periodic(every 45- hours) chills, fever and sweats. The parasite is acquired through the bite of a specific kind of mosquito or through a blood transfusion
    malaria
  331. Hepatitis
    lasting a few week to several month
    it does not lead to chronic infection
    ingestion of fecal matter
    Hepatitis A
  332. lasting a few week(acute) to a serious long term illness; can lead to liver disease or cancer; infection occurs when blood or body from an infected person enters the body of a person who is not immune; ........... virus can remain active in dried blood for several days
    Hepatitis B
  333. mostly chronic condition that can lead cirrhosis or cancer; blood; no vaccine
    Hepatitis C
  334. Serious; uncommon in U.S; blood; no vaccine
    Hepatitis D
  335. serious; acute; rare in U.S; ingestion of fecal matter; no vaccine
    Hepatitis E
  336. MRSA
    Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureas
  337. VRE
    Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus
  338. bird flu(avian influenza)
    infected bird shed the the virus in theirsaliva, nasal secretion and feces; virus mutated; possible human to human infection
  339. BSE
    Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy; mad cow disease; cannot be killed by cooking, freezing or disinfectant
  340. west nile virus
    Transmitted by infected mosquitoes; not human to huyman; no vaccine
  341. H1N1 influenza
    Swine flu; spread mainly person to person; vaccine is available
  342. CT
    Computed tomography; X-rays are taken from many angles; evaluation of soft tissue for presence of disease and conditions such as blood clots, fractures, and tumors
  343. MRI
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging; In magnetic field; activity of hydrogen atoms in tissue is measured and converted into cross-sectional images;veiw tumors clearly; view brain structure and abnormalities; See movement in the body, such as blood flow
  344. PET
    Position Emition Tomography; radio active substances is injected into the patient and detected by a scanner; resulting in 3D image
  345. Ultra Sonography
    High frequency sound waves hit tissues and organs and bounce back as echoes; the signals obtained are used to create images; view movement; safe; examine organs; detect tumors, aneurysms, and blood vessel abnormalities
  346. the respiratory system swells touch an extent that air is prevented from entering the lungs; by allegic reaction
    Anaphylatic shock; anaphylaxis
  347. bubbling from any wound of neck or chest; difficulty breathing
    sucking wound
  348. 기억상실증
    amnesia
  349. CVAs
    CerebroVascula Accidents; strokes
  350. deprivation of blood supply to any tissue
    ischemia
  351. sonsory loss
    paresthesias
  352. cerebrum & part of brain stem never develop, because the neural folds fail to fold
    anencephaly
  353. a procedure in which a tract in the spinal cord is severed surgically; usually done to relieve unremitting pain
    cordotomy
  354. any disorder or disease of the brain
    encephalopathy
  355. GH
    Growth hormone; directs normal growth of body tissues; pituitary anterior lobe
  356. ACTH
    adrenocorticotropic hormone; stimulates cortex of adrenal gland; pituitary anterior lobe
  357. TSH
    thyroid stimulating hormone; stimulates thyroid gland; pituitary anterior lobe
  358. MSH
    melanocyte stimulation hormone; stimulates production of melanin, which causes skin pigmentation; pituitary anterior lobe
  359. LH
    luteinizing hormone; stimulates ovulation and production of female hormones(estrogen and progesterone); pituitary anterior lobe
  360. ICSH
    interstitial cell stimulating hormone; stimulates production of male hormone(testosterone); pituitary anterior lobe
  361. ADH
    antidiuretic hormone, or vasopressin; acts on kidneys to concentrate urine and sonserve fluid in the body; also constricts blood vessels; posterior lobe of Pituitary gland
  362. Oxytocin
    pitocin; causes contraction of uterus during childbirth; stimulates milk flow; posterior lobe of Pituitary gland
  363. Melatonin
    controls onset of puberty; affects wake/ sleep cycle; Pineal gland
  364. Thyroxine and triiodothyronine
    controls metabolism and stimulates physical and mental growth; Thyroid
  365. Calcitonin
    Moves calcium from the bloodstream into the bones for storage; Thyroid
  366. PTH
    parathormone; promotes absorption of calcium from the intestines, decreases calcium excretion by the kidneys, and moves calcium from the bones to the blood(opposite effect of calcitonin); parathyroid
  367. Thymosin
    Stimulates production of antibodies in early life; Thymus
  368. Mineralocorticoids
    aldosterone; regulates the balance of electrolytes(chemicals that, when dissolved in water, can conduct electrical current) by stimulating the kidneys to retain salt(sodium)and excrete potassium; Adrenal cortex
  369. Clucocorticoids
    cortisone; aids in metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates; provides resistance to stress; depresses immune responses(anti-inflammatory); adrenal cortex
  370. Gonadocorticoid
    androgens; Sex hormone; produced by both males and females; adrenal cortex
  371. epinephrine and norepinephrine
    adrenaline; activates sympathetic nervous system in times of stress; increases blood pressure by constricting blood vessels; Medulla
  372. Insulin
    regulates the transport of glucose from the blood into the body cells; pancreas
  373. Glucagon
    increases the amount of glucose in the blood by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen to glucose; Pancreas
  374. psychological disorders for which no structural cause can be found; include neuroses and phychoses
    Functional brain disorders
  375. A condition in which affected individuals; sleep as much as  hours a daily
    hypersomnia
  376. congenital condition involving the formation of a small brain as evidenced by reduced skull size; most microcephalic children are mentally retarded
    Microcephaly
  377. X-ray of the spinal cord after after injection of a contrast medium
    myelogram
  378. sudden contraction of a muscle, usually limbs; can happen in a normal individuals as they falling asleep; others may be due to diseases of reticular formation or cerebellum
    myoclonus
  379. a less debilitating class of mental illness; examples include severe anxiety(panic attack), phobias(irrational fears). and obsessive compulsive behaviors; the affected individual, however, retains contact with desease
    Neuroses
  380. surgically lesioning part of the globus pallidus of the basal nuclei to relieve some symtoms of Parkinson's disease
    Pallidectomy
  381. A class of severe mental illness in which affected individual lose touch with reality and exhibit bizzarre behaviors; insanity; include schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, some forms of depression
    psychosis
  382. acetone
    ketone; ketone body
  383. glycosuria
    glucosuria
  384. black, tarry stool
    melena
  385. incision into the perineum
    episiotomy
  386. the vaginal discharge that occurs after childbirth
    lochia rubra
  387. a dark green to black, tarry bowel movement
    meconium
  388. after childbirth
    post partum
Author
lkiforever
ID
181707
Card Set
Medical terminology
Description
Medical terminology A&P
Updated