Biology 101 Ch 1

• 1. Bioshpere
• 2. Ecosystem (florida coast)
• 3. Community (all organisms on the florida coast)
• 4. Population ( group of brown pelicans)
• 5 organism ( a brown pelican)
• 6. Organ system ( nervous system )
• 7. Organ ( brain)
• 8. Tissue ( nervous tissue)
• 9. cell ( nerve cell)
• 10. organelle (nucleus )
• 11. Molecule (DNA)

• New properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarcy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases.
• The whole is greater than the sum of its parts

An organism that makes organic food molecules from CO2 H2O and other inorganic raw materials: a plant, alga, or autotrophic prokaryote

An organism that obtains its food by eating plants or by eating animals that have eaten plants.

An approach to studying biology that aims to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems.

A typpe of cell lacking a membrane- enclosed nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.

A type of cell that has a membrane-enclosed nucleus and toher membrane-enclosed organelles. All organisms exept bacteria and archaea are composed of eukaryotic cells. 

A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotidie sequence in DNA (or RNA in some viruses). Most of the genes of a eukaryote are located in its chromosomal DNA; a few are carried by the DNA of mitochondria and choloroplasts. 

• Order
• Regulation
• Growth and development
• Energy processing
• Response to the environment
• Reproduction
• Evoluutionary adaptation

term used for a particular type of organism

kingdoms of life can be organized into three overarching groups 

Prokaryotes -organisms with prokaryotic cells. (Most prokaryotes are unicellular and microscopic. )

All the eukaryote, organisms with eukaryotic cells, are now grouped into the various kingdoms of Eukarya

Protists

Mulitiple kingdoms within this sub domain.Some protists make their own food by photosynthsis. 

animal-like in that the eat other organisms. Also another assortment of protists. 

multicellular.

• Protsts (multiple kingdoms);
• Kingdom Plantae
• Kingdom Fungi
• Kingdom Animalia
• Distinguished partly by their modes of nutrition.

Consits of plants which produce their own food by photosynthesis and have cells with rigid walls made of cellulose.

Molds, yeasts and mushrooms. Decomposition.

Animals (lions and tigers and bears... OH MY!) Eat other organisms.

break down the remains of dead organisms and organic wastes such as leaf litter and animal feces, and absorb the nutrients into their cells

made of cells that lack rigid walls. 

Species living today are descendants of ancestral species (descent with modification) through natural selection

• Individual variation
• Overproduction of offspring.

individuals in a propulation vary in many heritable traits.

a populationof any species has the potential to produce far more offspring than will survive to produce offspring of their own

• Unequal reproductive sucess
• over time, favorable traits accumulate in a population

individuals are uneaual in their likelihood of surviving and reproducing. Those individuals with heritable traits best suited to the environment will leave the greatest number of healthy, fertile offspring. 

toknow

natural phenomena

structures and processes that we can ovserve and measure through any measures. 

derives general principles from a large number of specific observations. 

proposed explanation for a set of observations. A good one leads to predictions that scientists can test by recording additional observations or by designing experiments.

the logic used in hypothesis based science to come up with ways to test hypotheses. Reasoning flows from the general to the specific. 

explains a great diversity of bservations and is supported by a large and usually growing body of evidence. Can generate new hypotheses.