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performed to determine the origin and cause of a disorder or the cell type for cancer
diagnostic
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performed to resolve a health problem by repaing or removing the cause
curative
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performed to relieve symptoms of a disease process, but does not cure
palliative
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performed primarily to alter or enhance personal appearance
cosmetic
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planned for correction of a nonacute problem
elective
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requires prompt intervention; may be life threatening if treatment is delayed more than 24-48 hours
urgent
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requires immediate intervention because of life threatening consequences
emergent
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Holding area nurse
- greeting pt
- reviewing med record
- preop checklist
- consent forms signed
- documenting risk assessment
- physical and emotional assessment
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circulating nurse
- coordinate activities within particular OR
- set up OR
- organize neccessary supplies
- anticipate needed materials and inspect
- makes operating bed, safety straps, arm boards
- Assumes responisibilty of holding area nurse if not present
- assists in anesthesia admin
- assist with positioning
- prep surgical site
- moniters traffic in room
- assesses urine and blood loss
- reports findings to surgeon
- ensures surgical team remains sterile
- communicates pt status to family
- documents
-
scrub nurse
- set up sterile field and supplies
- maintains accurate count of sponges, sharps, and instruments used
-
speciality nurse
- particular type of surgery
- nursing care specific to pt needing particular surgery
- assesses, maintains and recommends equipment used in speciality
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Stage 1 (analgesia and sedation, relaxation)
Begins with induction and ends with loss of consciousness
close o.r. doors, dim the lights, and control traffic in the o.r.
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Stage 1 (analgesia and sedation, relaxation)
pt feels drowsy and dizzy, has a reduced sensation to pain, and is amnesic
postition pt securely with safety belts
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Stage 1 (analgesia and sedation, relaxation)
hearing is exaggerated
keep discussions about the pt to a minimum
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Stage 2 (excitement, delirium)
Begins with loss of consciousness and ends with relaxation, regular breathing, and loss of the eyelid reflex
avoid auditory and physical stimulus
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Stage 2 (excitement, delirium)
pt may have irregular breathing increased m. tone, and involuntary mvmt of the extremities during this stage.
protect the extremeties
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Stage 2 (excitement, delirium)
laryngospasm or vomitting may occur
assist the anesthesiologist with suctioning
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Stage 2 (excitement, delirium)
pt is susceptivle to external stimuli
stay with pt
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Stage 3 (operative anesthesia, surgical anesthesia)
Begins with generalized m. relaxation and ends with loss of reflexes and depression of vital functions
assist the anesthesiologist with intubation
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Stage 3 (operative anesthesia, surgical anesthesia)
the is relaxed, and breathing is quiet and regular
prep the pt's skin over the operative site as directed
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Stage 4 (danger)
begins with depression of vital functions and ends with respiratory fialure, cardiac arrest, and possible death
prep for and assist in treatment of cardiac and pulmonary arrest
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Stage 4 (danger)
Respiratory m. are paralyzed, apnea occurs
document occurrence in pt's chart
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