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If one eye is dilated and the other constricted, what type of cancer could be present?
Lung Cancer
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Swollen optic disc
Papilledema
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White spots on tongue that rub off
Thrush
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Dandruff
Seborrheic dermatitis
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Baldness, abnormal hair loss
Alopecia
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pink, lumpy lesion on scalp that also appear on extensor surfaces
Psoriasis
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Fungal infection of scalp
Tinea capitis
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Round, moon face with increased adrenal hormone production
Cushing's syndrome
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Expressionless face
Parkinson's disease
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Overgrowth of face
Acromegaly
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hypothyroidism, dull and puffy face with cold intolerance
Myxedema
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47 chromosones, trisomy 21
Down syndrome
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CN VII paralysis, hard to close one eye and to lift one side of mouth
Bell's palsy
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Deviation of eyes from normally conjugate position
- Strabismus
- 1) Non-paralytic: imbalance of extraocular mm
- 2) Paralytic: weakness or paralysis of one or more extraocular muscles
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Nonparalytic strabismus & eyes move inward
Esotropia
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Nonparalytic strabismus & eyes move outward
Exotropia
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dilated pupil, fixed to light and near effort
Paralytic strabismus
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What happens if CN IV is dysfunctional?
can't move eye down and medially
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Three signs of Horner's syndrome
- 1) Ptosis: droopy eye lid
- 2) miosis: constriction of pupil
- 3) Anhidrosis: lack of sweat
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What occurs w/ Tonic (Adie's) Pupil?
Pupil stays dilated (mydriasis) and has a slowed rxn due to damaged PSN destruction
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Condition if sthg is sprayed in eye and there is swelling
Orbital contact dermatitis
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Eye completely swollen shut due to trauma or chemicals
Periorbital cellulitis
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Swelling of Meibomian gland that points inward
Chalazion
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infection of eyelash follice that is outward
Hordeolum
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lacrimal sac inflammation
Dacrocystitis
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Yellow nodule on the bulbar conjunctiva on either side of iris
Pingueculum
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Scar-like tissue extending from medial canthus to cornea, yellow w/small blood vessels
Pterygium
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Jaundice of the eye
Scleral Icterus
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Pink-eye common name
Conjunctivitis
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engorged, radilly oriented vessels that stop outside of limbus
Episcleritis
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blood vessels red around limbus w/ Hypopyon in anterior chamber
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Small amt of blood that covers cornea
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
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Bleeding in anterior chamber
Hyphema
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You use fluorescein staining to identify these
Corneal abrasions
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Middle of eye is white, dilated, and can't focus on objects
Cataract
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Optic disc disappears, cause from temporal arteritis
Ischemic optic neuropathy
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flame hemorrhages and cotton wool patches in eye
Hypertensive retinopathy
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hemorrhage and exudates within eye
Diabetic retinopathy
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Neovascularization within eye
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
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cupd:disc ration >1:2
Glaucoma w/ cupping
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disappearance of disk, frequent with MS
Optic atrophy
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good peripheral vision, but foggy central vision. Often leads to blindness in elderly.
Macular degeneration
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uric acid crystals deposited in helix and antihelix
Gouty tophi
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Middle ear filled w/ fluid
Serous otitis media
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fluid filled TM that is dense and hard
Acute otitis media
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viral infection of ear w/ hemorrhagic vesicles
bullous myringitis
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swelling around start of ear canal
external otitis
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Results of conduction loss w/ Weber test
can hear sound in plugged ear louder than good ear
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results of sensorineural loss w/ weber test
can hear in good ear but hear nothing in the other ear
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for Rinne test, what is normal for AC vs. BC
AC>BC
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With the Rinne test, what is the result if BC>AC
unilateral conduction loss
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With the Rinne test, what is the result if AC>BC
unilateral sensorineural
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midline of nose is off line
Septal deviation
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What is epistaxis?
Bloody nose
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soft translucent growths causing nasal obstruction and anosmia
Nasal polyps
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soft, tender swelling of nose mucosa following trauma and causing obstruction
Septal hematomas
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Name the two arteries involved in Epistaxis in the Kiesselback's area?
- Anterior ethmoidal
- Sphenopalatine
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benign, bony prominence in roof of mouth
torus palatinus
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scarring and scabbing in corners of mouth, common in elderly
Angular cheilitis
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tender, inflamed gums that bleed easily
Marginal gingivits
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swollen gums, not tender
Gingival hyperplasia
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white spots on tonsills caused by strep A causing swelling
Exudative tonsillitis
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Sign to perform tonsillectomy, swollen and bumpy tonsils
Tonsillar hypertrophy
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white, membranous exudate on tonsils
Infectious mononucleosis
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black on tongue
Hairy tongue
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deep crevices (fissures) in tongue
Fissured tongue
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Papillary taste buds change in size and color. Benign growth of taste buds.
Geographic tongue
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premalignant, common in HIV patients and are white spots that can't be removed
Leukoplakia
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Tumor in mouth
Oral carcinoma
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enlarged goiter, caused by hyperthyroid
Goiter (thyromegaly)
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What is a distended jugular vein a sign of?
Cardiac myopathy, MI, etc...
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