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IVPB
When Buretrol is empty of the IV medication, most of the drug will be in the?
For this reason, an IV flush of how many mL must be added to the Buretrol after?
Tubing
15-20mL must be added after the medication is infused to ensure that the patient receives the drug.
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GI tract provides a vast absorption area for meds, but the problem is that?
The infant / child may cry and refuse to take the medication or spit it out.
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Giving a child oral medication? -- five possibilities
- Hold child / infants hands away from face
- Infant give a syringe or nipple
- DO NOT add to formula
- Small child: mix with small amt. of juice or fruit
- Offer syringe in medication cup
- Parent may give if YOU are standing in the room
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EMLA STANDS FOR
NOT FOR INFANTS!
Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics
Lidocaine / Prilocaine
Lidocaine - local anesthetic & antiarrhythmic drug to relieve itching, burning and pain from skin inflammations, injected as a dental anesthetic or local anesthetic for minor surgeries.
Prilocaine - local anesthetic
SE: severe burning, stinging, swelling, redness, sudden dizziness, bruising
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IM injections used when?
- Rarely acute settings
- Immunizations
- Antibiotics
- EMLA
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IM injection sites are?
- Vastus lateralis
- Deltoid
- Dorsogluteal
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Nursing care for a child is based on?
Developmental level
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Are children little people, NO, but they differ by?
- Physical
- Emotional
- Cognitive
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Stages of Development
- Neonate Birth 28 weeks
- Infant 1mth-12mth
- Toddler 12mth-3yrs
- Preschool 3-4yrs
- School age 5-6yrs
- Preadolescence 10-12
- Adolescence 13-20
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psychosexual - ID, ego, superego - Concept of anxiety an defense mechanism
Sigmund Freud
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Moral development, acceptance of values and rules in society in such ways that shape behavior
Do not always go from one stage to the other
Lawrence Kohlberg
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Cognitive acts which the mind organizes and adapts to its environment (schema, shemata, assimilation, accommodation
schema - diagram, plan or scheme
Jean Piaget
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Pyschosocial tasks that are accomplished through a life cycle
Human life cycle as 8 ego developmental stages
Ea. stage crisis / conflict
Goal - integrate physical, maturation and social demands
Must resolve the conflict to move on to the next stage
UNSUCCESSFUL_ EMOTIONALLY HANDICAPPED
Erik Erikson
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5 stages of Erikson's pyschosocial theories
- Infancy birth-18mth
- Early childhood - 18mth-3yrs
- Late childhood - 3-6yrs
- School age - 6-12yrs
- Adolescence - 12-20yrs
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DDST
Denver Developmental Screening Test
- <6 yrs NOT an IQ test
- Personal - social
- Fine motor adaptive
- Language
- Motor
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How can nurses maximize client / family nurse contact?
- INITIAL assessment NEED for immediate care (stabilization and comfort)
- Physical findings, VS, nutrition, skills, play and safety
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Not toilet drained - how to obtain a specimen?
Clean catch
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Stool specimen for incontinent and toilet trained
- Incontinent / diaper - scrape specimen from diaper and into appropriate container
- Potty trained - Bedpain container to collect (use tongue depressor or scope)
- Document - time, color, consistency and odor
- Consistency - normal: clear liquid; Abnormal: mucous plugs, viscid, thick, infectious process
- Viscid- sticky
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Stool specimen, what are you trying to find?
Fat, blood, bacteria, parasites
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Anesthetic creams, TAC stands for?
tetracaine, atropine, & cocaine
- tet-potent local anesthetic
- atro-sulfate injection antagonist, anticholinergic drug (parasymptomatholytic) - increases firing of the SA node and conduction of the AV node
- Coc- stimulant drug
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What do NOT use for infants?
Chlorahexidine or NS w/ additives
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LP for children usually performed for?
Meningitis (bacterial)
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Tube 1
Tube 2
Tube 3
Tube 4
- 1 ...
- 2. glucose and protein
- 3. C&S
- 4. RBCs
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I&O measure diaper
Before and After wet
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TPN stands for
Total Parental Nutrition - a way of supplying nutrional needs of the body by bypassing the digestive system and dripping nutrient solution directly into the vein
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I&O include what?
- PO fluids - jello, broth
- IV's
- Blood products
- TPN
- Flushes (ngt/meds)
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Hospitalized toddler or infant may experience what?
- Separation anxiety
- Fear of injury or pain
- Loss of control
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Hospitalized school aged child may experience?
- Separation anxiety
- Fear of injury or pain
Any type of sexual exam
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Hospitalized adolescents may experience?
- Separation anxiety
- Fear of injury or pain
- Unsure if they want their parents there
- May give impression not afraid
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Developmental characteristics
- Physical
- VS
- Nutrition
- Skills
- Bowel bladder
- Play
- Safety
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EFM stands for
Electronic Fetal Monitoring
- allows to listen to baby w/ belt, tranducer etc...
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A/O means
Alert and oriented
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