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Ascites
Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity
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Bruit
A swishing sound heard on auscultation
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Ecchymosis
Blue or purplish patch on the skin or mucous membrane that is not elevated; bruising
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Erythema
Redness of the skin caused by congestion of the capillaries in the lower layers of the skin that occurs with any skin injury, infection, or inflammation
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Extension posture
Arms are stiffly extended, adducted, and hyperpronated with hypertension of the legs and plantar flexion of the feet; indicates disruption of the motor fibers in the midbrain and brainstem
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Flexion posture
Internal rotation and adduction of the arms with flexion of the elbows, wrists, and fingers resulting from neurologic injury and interruption of voluntary motor tracts; entension of the legs may also be seen
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Guaiac
Test for blood in the stool
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Gurgles
Wet sounds heard when auscultating the lungs; newer term for rhonchi
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Inspection
Visual examination for detection of abnormal signs or qualities
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Jugular venous distention
Visible thickening of the jugular veins when the patient is positoned in a 15-30 degree angle; assessed as a sign of CHF or overhydration
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Murmur
A periodic sound of short duration of cardiac or vascular origin
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Pallor
Paleness of the skin
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Petechiae
Pinpoint round purplish spots that are not raised caused by intradermal or submucosal hemorrhage
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Proctoscopic examination
Examination of the rectum with a lighted instrument
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Rinne test
A test to compare bone and air conduction of sound performed with a tuning fork
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Serosanguineous
Composed of serum and blood
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Sigmoidoscopy
an examination of the sigmoid colon using a lighted instrument
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Sore
A term for a painful lesion of the skin or mucous membrane
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Speculum
A short, funnel-like tube for examining canals
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Sputum
Mucous secretions of the lungs ejected through the mouth
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Tinnitus
A noise in the ears sich as ringing, buzzing, or roaring
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Tuning fork
A forked metal instrument used to test hearing and the sense of vibration
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Vertigo
A sensation of rotation or whirling movement; dizziness
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Weber test
A test of bone conduction of sound performed with a tuning fork placed in the center of the forehead of the skull
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Wound
Bodily injury caused by physical means with disruption of the skin or other structure
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