PT Procedures Quiz 2

• Cervical
• Thoracic
• Lumbar

Anterior to the 2nd sacral vertebra (s2)

• The effectiveness of a force in a lever system; T=F X D
• -Greater force applied over greater distance = greater torque

The area on which an object rests and that provides support for that object

Feet

• an imaginary vertical line that passes through the center of gravity of an object
• Humans: S2-->Feet

• -Lower the torque necessary to complete
• the task by moving closer to an object
• -Further reduce the torque necessary by
• moving your COG close to the object's
• COG
• -Increasing your stabilty
• -Use large muscle groups and joints whenever possible (gluts, hamstrings, quads)
• -Allow motor planning to occur by
• preparing and planning for challenging
• lifting activities
• -Pushing prefferred to pulling &
• horizontal movements of vertical
• movements
• -Use forces to your advantage (ex.
• momentum)

• -Increasing BOS (widening Feet)
• -Maintaing your VLG w/in your BOS

Vertical Line of Gravity

• -Traditional
• -Lumbar Lordosis
• -One Leg Stance

Use posterior pelvic tilt to reduce lordotic posture prior to initiating lift

Maintain the spines normal lordotic posture during lifts

• -Deep Squat: uses full squat with
• vertical trunk
• -Power Lift: uses partial squat witha
• more horizontal trunk
• -Straight leg lift: uses straight parallel
• lower extremeties

Uses full squat w/ vertical trunk

Uses partial squat w/ a more horizontal trunk

Uses straight parallel lower extremities

Used for light objects

• -Use parallel force
• -Plan for inertia
• -Use equipment, if necessary, to engage
• good body mechanics

Trunk flexion w/ rotation (don't flex at the waist and twist at the same time)

BEND AT THE HIPS, NOT THE WAIST

Patient is consistently able to perform skill safely with no one present

Patient requires some one w/in arms reach as a recaution; low probability of patient requiring assistance

Patient is able to complete majority of the activity w/o physical assistance. patient completes at least 75% of activity (25% caregiver)

Patient is able to complete part of the activity w/o assistance 50% patient, 50% caregiver

Patient is unable to participate in teh activity; able to complete less than 25% of activity

Person assisting is positioned as if to assist but not touching the patient; full attention on the patient with fair prabability of patient needing assistance

Person assisting is positioned w/ hands on patient but not providing any specific physical assistance; high probability of patient requiring assistance

Patient requires visual/ verbal cues to complete task

Safe movement of a person from one surface or location to another

respositioning of a recumbent patient or to activities that precede a surface or location change

• -move patient for purposeful activity
• -move patient to maintain joint & skin
• integrity
• -provide training and experience in
• functional rehabilitation activities

Laying on dorsal surface (back)

Laying on ventral surface (belly/stomach)

• -adjust patient's position
• -1st steps in restoring mobility
• -Patient should mentally & physically
• participate in these activites even
• when assistance is required
• -Use your knowledge of Body
• Mechanics when performing these
• activities
• -Can be used as part of a
• strengthening & rehab program

• -Prepare the patient, the environment &
• yourself
• -Know your limits and get help when
• needed
• -Know your patient both physically and
• mentally
• -Organize your environment
• (start-->finish)
• -Explain all expectations to your
• patient. Be clear as to what your
• expectations of him/her are (lower
• cognition recieves simple instruction
• even w/ low expectation)
• -Confirm patients understanding (ask if
• they understand, ask them questions
• about the instruction & have them
• repeat it back to you)
• -Give clear instructions to anyone
• assisting w/ transfers
• -Assemble any necessary equipment
• -USE A SAFETY BELT WHENEVER YOU ARE MOVING A PATIENT FROM ONE SURFACE TO ANOTHER
• -Incorporate patient teaching whenever possible
• -Precautions:
• --Shoes
• --Belt
• --Monitor special medical equipment
• --Do not leave patients unattended
• at the end of transfer until safety
• is certain

Physian based decision for patient recovering from surgery or procedure. Doctor decides how much weight can be placed on lower extremity.

Position-- laying supine, both knees bent, feet flat on the surface o_./\_

Knees Bent

Knees extended

Edge of Bed

Holding on to something or sitting w/ back against supporting surface (ex. back of chair)

Hands on lap, not leaning on anything

Short Term & Long Term

• 1) Comfort
• 2) Visual & physical access to body part
• being treated

--20 to 30 minutes for treatment

• Used when patient is unable/unwilling to move themselves. They are dependant of someone else to move them
• -bed/chair bound
• -diminished sensation
• -diminished cognition/communication
• skills
• -Obese
• -Medically complex
• -recent surgery, fracture or acute
• illness
• -recent skin graft, burns or other skin
• related problems

• 1) Prevent skin breakdown
• 2) Prevent Contractures
• 3) Maximize potential for return to
• functional mobility

• Dressing of the Patients
• -Provides modesty and dignity to
• patients who are in treatment or at rest

• 1) Expose body part as needed for
• treatment
• 2) Maintain neat drape around the rest
• of the body
• 3) Provide clear instructions reguarding
• removal of clothing
• 4) Supply gowns w/ instructions as
• appropriate

• --only expose what is necessary. Have
• utmost respect for the privacy of the
• patients--