HGA Thorax [1]

• 1) Location
• 2) Shape
• 3) Size
• 4) Direction of Fibers
• 5) location of Attachments
• 6) Number of Origins
• 7) Action of the muscle

Region between the neck and the abdomen containing the pericardial cavity, mediastium, and two pleural cavities

Body of T1 Vertebrae

Body of T1 Vertebrae

medial border of 1st Ribs

superior margin of the manubrium ( aka jugular notch, suprasternal notch)

• 1) esophagus
• 2) Trachea
• 3) Vagus Nerves
• 4) Phrenic Nerves
• 5) Brachiocephalic Veins
• 6) common Carotid Artery
• 7) subclavian artery
• 8) lymph vessels (not visible in the cadaver)

Body of T8 Vertebrae

costal Margin

xiphisternal joint/ junction

Body of the T12 Vertebrae & outline of 12th Rib

1) Caval Opening

2) Esophageal Hiatus

3) Aortic hiatus

Opening in diaphram in which the inferior vena cava runs from the abdomen to the thorax, occuring at T8 level

Opening in the diaphragm in which the esophagus and vagus nerves run from the thorax in to the abdomen, occuring at T10 Level

Opening in the diaphragm in which the aorta, thoracic duct, and azygous vein run from either the thorax to the abdomen or the abdomen to the thorax

(Occuring at the T12 level)

The diaphragm is either the inferior border to the thorax, or the superior border to the abdomen, it depends on perspective (basically what separates the thorax from the abdomen, other than the three openings)

• 1) suprasternal notch (jugular notch)
• 2) sternal angle (of Louis)
• 3) medial and lateral clavicle
• 4) xiphoid process
• 5) costal arch with costal margins
• 6) acromion of the shoulder
• 7) spine of the scapula
• 8) C7 Vertebrae & spines of the thoracic vertebrae

marks: directly inferior to C7 is T1 (aka: the start of the thoracic vertebrae)

where: the bone sticking out on the posterior side of your cervical region

• 1) suprasternal notch (jugular notch)
• 2) manubrium
• 3) sternal angle of Louis
• 4) body
• 5) xiphoid process
• 6) xiphisternal joint
• 7) clavicular notches
• 8) costal margins (one for each rib)

• 1) spinous process
• 2) laminae
• 3) Transverse process
• 4) transverse costal facet
• 5) pedicles
• 6) superior costal facet
• 7) inferior costal facet
• 8) body of vertebrae (medium sized)
• 9) superior articular process
• 10) superior articular notch
• 11) inferior articular process
• 12) vertebral foramen
• 13) intervertebral foramina

• 1) skin layer (anterior axillary fold is skin over the pectoralis major)
• 2) superficial fascia (fat)
• 3) deep fascia (dense connective tissue)

1) clavicular head → anterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle

2) sternocostal head → anterior surface of the sternum

3) superior six costal cartilages

4) aponeuorosis of external oblique muscles

lateral lip of intertubercular groove of the humerus

medial and lateral pectoral nerve

1) adducts and medially rotates humerus

2) draws scapula inferiorly and anteriorly

1) thoracoacromial artery

2) pectoral vein

(with respect to direction of muscle fibers)

Muscle Fibers running up and down

Muscle fibers running side to side

running at an angle other than 90 degrees