Anatomy Vocab Unit 1

  1. Physiology
    The scientific disipline that studies the function of body structures.
  2. Anatomy
    the study of structure
  3. Gross anatomy
    investigates the structure and relationships of large body parts that are visible to the unaided eye
  4. Tissue
    precise organization of similar cells that perform specialized functions
  5. Organ
    contain two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific, complex functions
  6. Anatomical Position
    an individual stands upright with feet parallel and flat on the floor. The head is level, and the eyes look forward toward the observer. The arms are at either side of the body with the palms facing forward and the thumbs pointion away from the body.
  7. Saggital Plane
    a plane that is parallel to the midsagittal plane, but either to the left or right of it.
  8. mid-saggital plane
    extends through the body or organ vertically and divides the structure into right and left halves.
  9. Transverse Plane
    cuts perpendicularly along the long axis of the body or organ.
  10. Frontal Plane
    a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
  11. Superior
    upper
  12. Inferior
    lower
  13. Dorsal/Posterior
    back
  14. Ventral/Anterior
    front
  15. Medial
    toward the midline of the body
  16. Lateral
    away from the midline of the body
  17. Proximal
    closest to point of attachment to trunk
  18. Distal
    Furthest from point of attachment to trunk
  19. Superficial
    on the outside
  20. Deep
    on the inside, underneath another structure
  21. Flexion
    movement in an anterior-posterior plane of the body that decreases the angle between articulating bones
  22. Lateral Flexion
    occures when the trunk of the body moves in a coronal plane laterally away from the body
  23. Extension
    The opposite of a flexion, which is movement in an anterior-posterior plane that increases the angle between the articulating bone.
  24. Hyperextension
    is the extention of a joint beyond 180 degrees
  25. Abduction
    which means to "move away," is a lateral movement of the body part away from the body midline.
  26. Adduction
    which means to "move toward," and is the medial movement of a body part toward the body midline.
  27. Inversion
    the sole of the foot turns medially
  28. Eversion
    the sole of the feet turns to face laterally.
  29. Pronation
    is the medial rotation of the forearm so that the palnm of the hand is directed posteriorly or inferiorly
  30. Supination
    occures when the forearm rotates laterally so that the palm faces anteriorly or superiorly
  31. Dorsiflexion
    occurs when the talocrural (ankle) joint is bent such that the superior surface of the foot and toes moves toward the leg.
  32. Plantarflexion
    movement at the talocrural joint permits extension of the foot so that the toes point inferiorly.
  33. Circumduction
    is a sequense of movements in which the proximal end of an appendage remains relatively stationary while the distal end makes a circular motion.
  34. Elevation
    is a superior movement of a part.
  35. Depression
    is an inferior movement of a body part
  36. Protraction
    (to draw forth) is the anterior movement of a body part from anatomic position
  37. Retraction
    (to draw back) is the posteriorly directed movement of a body part from anatomic position.
  38. Opposition
    At the carpometacarpal joint, the thumb moves toward the palmar tips of the fingers as it crosses the palm of the hand.
  39. Rotation
    is a pivoting motion in which a bone turns on its own longitudinal axis.
  40. Viscera
    the organs in the cavities of the body, especially those in the abdominal cavity.
  41. Serous Membrane
    the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are lined with thin serous membranes, which are composed of two layers. A parietal layer and a visceral layer.
  42. Serous Cavity
    between the parietal and visceral layers of the serous membrane is a thin serous cavity that is actually a potential space.
  43. Serous Fluid
    Any of various body fluids resembling serum, especially lymph.
  44. Basement Membrane
    a thin extracellular layer between the epithelium and the underlaying connective tissue.
  45. Keratin
    fibrous intracellular protien
  46. ground substance
  47. Extracellular Matrix
  48. Collagen
Author
scratchw
ID
99261
Card Set
Anatomy Vocab Unit 1
Description
anatomy vocabulary and definitions
Updated