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AMINOPHYLLINE
- (Aminophylline, Somophyllin) Methylxanthine Bronchodilator
- Des: methylxanthine that prolongs bronchodilation and decreased mucus production and has mild cardiac and CNS stimulating effects
- Ind: 1)bronchospasm in asthma 2)COPD refractory to sympathomimetics and other bronchodilators 3)CHF
- CI: uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmias
- PC: 1)cardiovascular disease 2)hypertension 3)taking theophylline 4)hepatic impairment 4)diabetes 5)hyperthyroidism 6)young children 7)glaucoma 9) peptic ulcers 10)acute influenza or influenza immunization 11)elderly (watch for PVCs or tachycardia, may cause hypertension)
- Dose: 250-500mg IV (over 20-30min) Ped: 6mg (over 20-30min)
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HALOPERIDOL
- (Haldol) Antipsychotic
- Des: believed to block dopamine receptors in the brain associated w/ mood and behavior, potent antiemetic, impairs temperature regulation
- Ind: acute psychotic episodes
- CI: 1)parkinson's disease 2)seizure disorders 3)coma 4)alcohol depression 5)CNS depression 6)thyrotoxicosis and with other sedatives
- PC: 1)anticonvulsant 2)anticoagulant 3)lithium therapy
- Dose: 2-5mg IM Ped: children < 3 y/o 0.015-0.15mg/kg/day PO in 2-3 devided doses
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MILRINONE
- (Primacor) Cardiac Inotrope, Vasodilator
- Des: related to Amrinone and increases strength of cardiac contraction w/out increasing rate, increasing cardiac output w/out increasing O2 demand
- Ind: 1)CHF 2)pediatric shock
- CI: hypersensitivity
- PC: 1)elderly 2)pregnancy 3)nursing mothers
- Dose: n/a
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PROMETHAZINE
- (Phenergan) antiemetic
- Des: anticholinergic agent that enhances the effects of analgesics and is a potent antiemetic
- Ind: 1)nausea and vomiting 2)motion sickness 3)to enhance effects of analgesics 4)induce sedation
- CI: hypersensitivity to phenothiazines
- PC: 1)hepatic 2)respiratory 3)cardiac (impairments) 4)asthma 5)hypertension 6)elderly 7)debilitated pt's
- Dose: 12.5-25mg IV/IM/PR Ped: 0.5mg/kg IV/IM/PR
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TERBUTALINE
- (Brethine, Bricanyl) sympathetic agonist
- Des: synthetic sympathomimetic that causes bronchodilation w/ less cardiac effect than epinephrine
- Ind: 1)bronchial asthma 2)bronchospasm in COPD
- CI: hypersensitivity
- PC: pt my experience palpations, anxiety, nausea and or dizziness (vital signs & breath sounds must be monitored; use caution w/ cardiac or hypertensive pt's)
- Dose: 2 inhalations w/ metered dose inhaler, repeated 1x in 1min or .25mg SQ repeat in 15-30min
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