CH2_neurotransmitters

  1. Chemical substance stored in tiny sacs within terminal buttons and involved in carrying information across the synaptic gap to the next neuron
    Neurotransmitters
  2. Each axon breaks out into fibers that end in structures called
    terminal buttons
  3. Sacs within terminal buttons that contain neurotransmitters
    Synaptic vesicles
  4. Some neurotransmitter is reabsorbed into the axon that released it, to await the next neural impulse
    Reuptake
  5. Neuron sending the message
    Presynaptic neuron
  6. Neuron receiving the message
    Postsynaptic neuron
  7. Stimulates firing of neurons involved in muscle action, learning & memory. Deficiency = Alzheimers
    ACH or acetycholine
  8. Keeps too many neurons from firing, so controls precision. Low levels = anxiety
    GABA (or gamma amino butyric acid)
  9. Inhibits firings of CNS neurons. Excites heart muscle, intestines, and urogenital tract. Controls alertness. Too much = manic, too little = depression. Works with ACH to regulate sleep.
    Norepinepherine
  10. Controls voluntary movement. Affects sleep, mood, attention, learning, ability to recognize rewards in environment. Low levels = Parkinsons, deterioration of physical movement.
    Dopamine
  11. Regulation of sleep, mood, attention, learning.
    Serotonin
  12. Neural opiates that stimulate firing of neurons. Shield the body from pain and elevate pleasure
    Endorphins
  13. Hormone/neurotransmitter that regulates love and social bonding. Released right after birth in mother.
    Oxytocin.
  14. Contains a nucleus which directs manufacture of growth & maintenance substances
    Cell body
  15. Parts of a neuron
    Cell body, dendrites, axon
  16. Provides support, nutritional benefits and other functions to neurons
    Glial cells
  17. Tiny spaces between neurons
    Synapses
  18. Once the electrical impulse reaches its threshold, it fires and moves all the way down the axon without losing any of its intensity
    All-or-nothing principle
  19. Brain wave of positive electrical charge that sweeps the axon
    Action potential
  20. The stable, negative charge of an inactive ion
    Resting potential
  21. Electrically charged particles
    Ions
  22. Layer of fat cells that encase and insulate most axons
    Myelin sheath
  23. The part of a neuron that carries information from the cell body toward other cells
    Axon
  24. Treelike fibers projecting from a neuron, which receive information and orient it towards the cell body
    Dendrites
  25. When the charge outside and inside the membrane is closer, the neuron is
    Depolarized
  26. when the ion channels are closed, there's a slight negative charge inside the cell, and a positive charge outside, the neuron is
    Resting
  27. Negatively and positively charged ions will
    rush together
  28. When an incoming impulse raises a neuron's voltage, it becomes
    Activated
  29. When a neuron is activated, its _________ open
    Sodium gates
  30. Powerful stress hormones
    Corticosteroids
  31. Two ions containing positive charges
    Sodium & potassium
  32. Tiny “gates” in the myelin sheath that allow ions to pass into & out of cells
    Ion channels
Author
nmdeasy
ID
9863
Card Set
CH2_neurotransmitters
Description
Neurotransmitters
Updated