CH6 Muscle Pelvis&Thigh

<sub>1. The muscles of the pelvis and thigh primarily create movement at the _____ (hip) and the ________ (knee) joints. Two groups in ______ region while three groups make up ______.
2. Three _______ muscles give shape to the buttock and lateral hip. Six small ______ ______ are deep to the gluteals.
3. Four _______ are located on thigh's anterior and lateral surfaces.
4. Three long ________ lie along the posterior thigh. Five _______ are tucked between quadriceps and hamstrings along mediall thigh.
5. Additional muscles include the _______, ______ and tensor fasciae latae.</sub>

<sub>1. The four large quadriceps muscles primarily ______ the knee. This is called the ______ _____ Group
2. The cylindrical, Superficial ____ _____ is located on the anterior thigh and is the only quadricep that crosses two joints; _____ and ____.
3. ____ _____ is deep to the Rectus Femoris, edges can be accessed if Rectus Femoris is _____ to the side.
4. The palpable aspect of ______ _____ forms a "tear-drop" shape at the distal portion of the medial thigh.
5. The ______ ______ is the sole muscle of the lateral thigh. The posterior edge lies next to the _____ ______, one of the hamstrings.
6. All four quadriceps muscles converge into a single ____ above the knee. It connects to the top and sides of the ______ before attaching to the _____ _____.</sub>

What are the Four Muscles of the Quadriceps Femoris Group?

<sub>1. Rectus Femoris: Origin on the ____ ____ _____ ____ . of the Iliac.
2. Vastus Lateralis: Origin on the Lateral lip of the _____ _____ . Also on ______ _____.
3. Vastus Medialis: Origin on Medial Lip of the _____ _____.
4. Vastus Intermedius: Origin on the ______ and lateral shaft of the ______.
5. The Action is the same for all the muscles as they all ______ the knee. The _____ _____ flexes the hip or _____ joint
6. The Insertion is also the same for all the muscles at the _____ ______.</sub>

<sub>1. The distal tendon of the _______ and the _____ ligament are one and the same ______. Becuase tendon attaches one bone to another (____ to the ____ ) it is actually considered a ______..
2. The angle of the _____, combined with the pull of the quadriceps, causes the ______ to track laterally.
3. This is prevented by the _____ _____ of the femur is elevated, forming a lateral wall, and the distal fibers of ____ _____ are set at an _____, pulling the patella ______.</sub>

<sub>1. _____ ____ is the only quadriceps muscles that crosses two joints, _____ and _____.
2. Deep to Iliotibial tract, the ____ ____ is sole muscle of the lateral thigh.
3. To follow the path of rectus femoris, its helpful to draw an imaginary line from _____ to the ______
4. While your partner extends knee, palpate just ____ and_____ to the patella for bulbous shape of the ______.
5. The hamstrings are located on the ______ thigh between the ____ _____ and _____ ____ muscles.</sub>

<sub>1. All three Hamstrings have same Actions. They flex the _____, _____ rotate the flexed knee, _____ the hip, Laterally ______ the hip & ____ the Pelvis ______.
2. All three Hamstrings share common Origin at the _____ _____.
3. The Biceps Femoris is the _______ hamstring that rotates the hip _______, while the _________ is the more superficial of the _____ hamstrings. The other medial hamstring is the ______________
4. The hamstrings are not as massive as the Quadriceps, but they are powerful _____ extensors and _____ flexors
5. The Biceps Femoris has two heads; a superficial _____ head and a deeper, indiscernable ____ head</sub>

<sub>1. Biceps Femoris : Origin- Long Head at ____ _____ and Short Head at Lateral lip of _____ _____. Insertion: Head of the ______.
2. Semitendinosus: Origin - _____ _____ and Insertion: Proximal _____ shaft of the _____ at ____ _____ tendon.
3. Semimembranosus:Origin - ______ _____ and Insertion: Posterior aspect of _____ ____ of _____.
4. All 3 Hamstrings have the nerve ______ , but the Biceps Femoris also interacts with the _____ nerve.
5. They also have the Bony Landmarks of ______ ______ and tendons of ______ _______.</sub>

<sub>1. Passive flexion of the knee would _______ the vastus lateralis
2. Passive tilting of the pelvis anteriorly would _______ the Biceps Femoris.
3. Passive medial rotation of hip would _______ the semitendinosus.
4. Passive extension of knee would _________ the vastus intermedius.
5. Passive lateral Rotation of flexed knee would ______ the Biceps Femoris
6. Passive Flexion of hip would ______ the semimembranosus, but _______ the Rectus Femoris</sub>

<sub>1. The Three Gluteal muscles are located in the _____ region, deep to the surrounding ______ tissue.
2. Of the three Gluteals, the _____ ______ is most posterior and superficial and has fibers that run ________ across the ______
3. The ______ _____ is located on the outside of the hip, while the ______ _____ lies deep to the ____ _____ and is inaccessable.
4. Because the Gluteus Minimus attaches to the anterior surface of _____ ______ , it flexes and medially rotates _____, thus performing the _____ movements of the other gluteals.
5. Locating the coccyx, the posterior two inches of the _____ _____ and _____ tuberosity will help you outline the ____ _____.</sub>

<sub>1. To palpate the Gluteus Minimus, you will need to sink your fingers deep to _____ _____.
2. To locate both Gluteus ______ and ______ in a sidelying position, ask your partner to _____ hip slightly.
3. The ________ tendons form a connective tissue drape along the base of the ______ extending from the Superior ____ ___ ___ and the ____ ____ .
4. Located anterior to the Hamstring _____ _____ is the most posterior of the adductor muscles, while the ______ and the _____ ____ are the most anterior.
5. ______ is the only adductor to cross the knee joint. The _______ can be located just anterior to the Prominent _____ tendon.</sub>

<sub>1. The adductor muscle _____ _____ can be located between the ischial tuberosity and the ______ tubercle, known as "floor of the Adductors."
2. What are the two actions common to all the muscles of the Adductors Group?
3. The prominent tendons of the _____ and _____ _____ extends off of or nearby the ______ Tubercle.
4. The five adductors are located along the _____ thigh between the _____ and the quadriceps ______ muscle.
5. All adductors assist to flex the hip exept for the _______, which Flex the _____ and Medially rotate the _____ ____.</sub>

<sub>1. Gluteus Maximus- Origin: _____, edge of ___, posterior ___ Crest, ____ and ____ ligaments. Insertion: ____ tuberosity and ____ tract.
2. Gluteus Medius- Origin: _____ surface of Ilium between ____ crest and _____ and _____ gluteal lines. Insertion : _____ _____.
3. Gluteus Minimus- Origin: _____ surface of Ilium between ____ crest and _____ and _____ gluteal lines. Insertion: ____ border of _____ _____ .
4. Action: All the fibers of the Gluteus Maximus ____ the hip, Laterally _____ the hip, and ____ the hip. Only the _____ fibers adduct the hip.
5. Action: All the fibers of the Gluteus Medius ____ the hip. The _____ fibers flex the hip and Medially ____ the hip. The ______ fibers Extend the hip and Laterally ____ the hip.
6. Action: The Gluteus Minimus ___ the hip. Medially _____ the hip and ____ the hip.</sub>

<sub>1. Passive abduction hip would ______ the adductor brevis and longus.
2. Passive lateral rotations of hip would ______ the gluteus maximus.
3. Passive extension of hip would ______ the posterior fibers of the adductor magnus.
4. Passive adduction of hip would ______ the gluteus medius.
5. Passive lateral rotation of hip would _____ the gluteus minimus.
6. Passive extension and lateral rotation of hip would _____ the gracilis.
7. Passive medial rotation of hip would _____ the adductors.
8. Passive flexion of the hip would _____ the gluteus maximus.</sub>

What are the Three muscles of the Hamstrings Group?

What are the Three muscles of the Gluteals Group?

What are the Five muscles of the Adductor's Group?

<sub>1. The ___ ____ ____ or TFL is a small superficial muscle located on the lateral side of the upper thigh.
2. The TFL is the most accessible between the _____ fibers of the Rectis Femoris and ____ ____.
3. The TFL attaches to the _____ tract along with the gluteus _______.
4. The ____ _____ is a superficial sheet of fascia with vertical fibers that run along the ____ thigh. Has a thick, _____ texture (similar to packing tape), makes it strong stabilizer of the ____ and ____.
5. It emerges from the ____ fascia, is wide and dense over the ____ ____ muscle and funnels into a strong cable along the side of the knee before inserting at the _____ tubercle.
6. TFL Action: _____ the hip, ____ ____ the hip, ____ the hip. Origin:____ _____ , posterior to the _____. Insertion: ____ ____.
7. To feel the TFL contract, postion your partner in _____ position and perform Alternate ______ rotation with _______ of the hip</sub>

<sub>1. The longest muscle in the body, stretching from the ASIS across the thigh to the medial knee is the _______ muscle.
2. Though it is entirely superficial, the slender _____ of the muscle is hard to isolate. Its ______ fibers are lateral to the ______ artery.
3. Name refers to its ability to bring the _____ and _____ into the position a tailor would use.
4. Actions: _____ the hip, _____ rotate hip, _____ the hip, ____ the knee, and ______ rotate the _____ knee.
5. Origin: _____ ____ _____ spine. Insertion: Proximal, ______ shaft of the ____at ____ ____ tendon.</sub>

1. The Five disctint Tendons of the Posterior Knee are _____ ____ Tendon (Medial), ____ ____ tendon (Medial), ____ tendon (Lateral), _______ tendon (Lateral) and the ______ tendon (Lateral).
2. The three Medial Tendons merge ______ at the proximal, ______ shaft of Tibia to become _____ _____ tendon.
3. Sometimes known as the "deep six" the ____ ____ of the Hip are small muscles that are located deep to the _____ ____ and create _____ rotation of the hip.
4. All are deep to the large ____ nerve except for the pirifromis. It lies _______ to the nerve and if _________, can compress it.
5. They are ______ as a group, with the Piriformus and _____ _____ being the most discernible.

What are the Six Lateral Rotators of the Hip?

<sub>1. All Adductors share the same action of Laterally _____ the hip. The ________ also can Abduct the hip when it is _______.
2. Piriformis: Origin - _____ surface of ______ Insertion- ______ ______.
3. Quadratus Femoris: Origin - Lateral border of _____ _____. Insertion - _______ crest, between the great and lesser ______.
4. Obturator Internus : Origin - ______ membrane and inferior surface of _____ ______. Insertion: Medial surface of _____ _____.
5. Obturator Externus: Origin - Superior and Inferior ____ __ ____. Insertion - ______ fossa of femur
6. Gremellus Superior : Origin - ____ _____ . Insertion - Upper border of ____ _____.
7. Gremellus Inferior: Origin - ____ _____ . Insertion - Upper border of ____ _____.</sub>

<sub>1. To locate the Piriformis, locate the _____, _____ and the Greater _____ which form a "T" shape. It is located at the base.
2. A rectangular muscle, the _____ _____ can be isolated by placing your fingers between the distal, Posterior aspect of _____ ______. and the _____ _____.
3. The ______ muscle spans from the anterior surface of the lumbar _____ to the ____ _____.
4. To located the Psoas Major, place your fingers between the _____ and ______ before slowly compressing toward the muscle.
5. The action you could ask your partner to ____ the Hip _____ to confirm that you have located the Psoas Major.</sub>

<sub>1. The _____ and ____ ____, together called the Iliopsoas, are important ____ flexor's and ___ ____ stabilizers.
2. Best known to butchers as "tenderloin" or "filet Mignon", the _____ _____ is located deep to the abdominal contents.
3. Psoas Major it stretches from the _____ vertebrae, underneath the _____ ligament, to the _____ _____.
4. The stockier ______ is located deep to the abdomen in the ____ fossa. Partially accessible and hard to palpate.
5. They both, since joined, have the same actions; ____ the hip, Laterally ____ the hip and ____ the hip.</sub>

<sub>1. Psoas Major: Origin - Bodies and _____ _____ of _____ vertebrae. Insertion - _____ ______.
2. Iliacus : Origin - _____ _____ . Insertion - _____ _____.
3. Roughly 40% of the population has a ____ ____, a small muscle which extends from the ____ vertebrae to the superior ___ ____ ____.
4. When present, assist in ______ tilt of the pelvis - the ______ action of the Psoas Major. It also Assists to create ____ ______ in the lumbar spine.
5. Its Origin - Body and _______ process of _____ ____ vertebra. Insertion - _____ _____ of Pubis.</sub>

<sub>1. Passive medial rotation of the flexed knee would _____ the sartorius.
2. Passive adduction of hip would ______ the tensor fasciae latae.
3. Passive extension of hip would ______ the iliopsoas muscles.
4. Passive lateral rotation of hip would _____ the Piriformis.
5. Passive extension of hip would _____ the psoas major.</sub>

<sub>1. Passive flexion of hip would _______ the sartorius.
2. Passive lateral rotation of hip would ______ the iliacus.
3. Passive medial rotation of hip would ______ the tensor fasciae latae.
4. Passive medial rotation of hip would ______ the quadratus femoris.
5. Passive abduction of the hip would _______ the sartorius.</sub>

<sub>1. ______ ligament is a superficial band stretching between the _____ and the ____ ____ .
2. The three vessels that makeup the femoral triangle are _____ artery, ______ nerve , ____ vein.
3. The great ____ vein is a superficial vessel traveling the length of the ______ extremity and ofter used for coronary bypass surgery.
4. Distal to the Inguinal ligament the superficial ____ ____ _____ are found, numbering between eight and ten and vary in size from lentil to raisin.
5. To find the femoral artery, place the flat of fingertips halfway between the _____ and _____ _____ .</sub>

<sub>1. The _____ _____ spans from the ischial tuberosity to the edge of the sacrum.
2. The ______ _____ ligaments help to reinforce the union of the Sacrum and the Ilium.
3. The Iliolumber Ligament can be found by the bony landmarks of ______ processess of 4th & 5th _____ vertebrae & posterior ____ crest.
4. The ______ nerve spans the lower lumbar vertebrae , between the ischial tuberosity and _____ trochanter down to _____ thigh.
5. The ____ ____, positioned along the posterior/lateral aspect of the greater trochanter, is large bursa that reduces ______ between the ____ ____ and the gluteus ______.</sub>

<sub>1. Extension of Hip - Synergists : B_____ _____ and Adductor ______ | Antagonist: Rectus ______
2. Adduction of Hip - Synergist : G _______ and I _______ | Antagonist: T ____ ____ ____
3. Medial Rotation of Hip - Synergist : S_______ and P______ | Antagonist: B______ ______
4. Extension of Knee - Synergist: V ______ ______ and V ____ _____ | Antagonist: G _______
5. Abduction of Hip - Synergist: Gluteus ______ and Gluteus _______ | Antagonist: P______</sub>

<sub>1. Flexion of Knee: Synergists - B_____ _____ and G_______ . Antagonist: R_____ _____
2. Lateral Rotation of Hip: Synergists - P______ and I _______ . Antagonist: A_____ _____
3. Lateral Rotation of Flexed Knee: Synergists: B_____ ______ . Antagonist: 2 "semis"
4. Flexion of Hip: Synergists: T___ ____ ____ and S________ . Antagonist: Gluteus _______
5. Medial Rotation of Hip: Synergists- Gluteus ______ and P_______. Antagonist: B_____ _____</sub>