A&P 1

branch of science dealing with the form and structure of body parts

Anatomy

the study of body function

Physiology

the chemical reactions in cells that use or release energy

Metabolism

state of equilibrium in which the internal environment of the body remains in the normal range

Homeostasis

specialized cells that provide information about the environment. Also, cell surface structures that bind particular molecules, called ligands, thereby transmitting a signal to inside the cell

Receptors

target value of a physiological measure maintained automatically in the body

Control center

a muscle of gland that effects change in the body

Effectors

the deviation from the set point is corrected (moves in the opposite or negative direction) and the correction reduces the action of the effectors

Negative feedback

process by which changes cause additional similar changes, producing unstable conditions

Positive feedback

body posture with the body erect, face forward, arms at the sides with palms facing forward, and toes pointing straight ahead

Anatomical position

pertaining to the side

Lateral

toward or near the midline

Medial

on the same side

Ipsilateral

positioned on the opposite side of something else

Contralateral

closer to the trunk or origin; opposite of distal

Proximal

farther from the trunk or origin; opposite of proximal

Distal