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How many bones are there in the hand?
27
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How many Carpal bones are there in each wrist?
8
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How many Metacarpals are there in each hand?
5
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What 2 joints do the thumbs have?
Interphalangeal (IP) joint and 1st Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint
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What 3 joints do the 2nd-5th digits have?
DIP, PIP, MCP
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What carpal does the 1st metacarpal articulate with?
Trapezium
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What carpal does the 2nd metacarpal articulate with?
Trapezoid
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What carpal does the 3rd metacarpal articulate with?
Capitate
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What carpal does the 4th and 5th metacarpal articulate with?
Hamate
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What is the most frequently fractured carpal?
Scaphoid
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What carpals articulate with the Radius?
Scaphoid and Lunate
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What proximal carpal is the largest?
Scaphoid
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What distal carpal is the largest?
Capitate
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What proximal carpal is the smallest?
Pisiform
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What distal carpal is the smallest?
Trapezoid
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What is the Carpal Sulcus?
used to demonstrate carpal tunnel
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Name the 3 concentric arcs
Trochlear Sulcus (1st and smallest), Outer ridges of Capitulum and trochlea, Trochlear Notch of the ulna
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Radiocarpal Joint
Scaphoid and lunate directly articulate with the radius. Condyloid(ellipsoidal), Diarthroidal.
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Elbow Joint
Hinge Joint. Diarthroidal.
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Proximal Radioulnar joint
Trochoidal (pivot) type
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What bone does ulnar deviation demonstrate?
Scaphoid
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What bone does radial deviation bring out?
Lunate, Triquetrium, pisiform, and hamate.
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In what position are wrists done?
PA
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What happens when the hand is pronated?
The Radius crosses over the ulna
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What 3 views are done for the Elbow joint?
AP with no rotation, AP with Lateral rotation, AP with Medial rotation.
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What is SID?
Source to Image Distance
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Dislocation
Displacement from joint
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Subluxation
Partial dislocation
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Sprain
Rupture or tearing of connective tissues
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Contusion
Bruise without fracture
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Simple Fx
Closed fracture (bone did not break skin)
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Compound Fx
Open fracture (bone breaks through skin)
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Comminuted Fx
Splintered or crushed bone
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Impacted Fx
Fragments driven into each other
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Bartons Fx
Fracture and dislocation of the posterior lip of the distal radius
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Bennetts Fx
Fracture of the base of the 1st metacarpal bone
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Boxers Fx
Transverse fracture through the metacarpal neck, mostly seen on the 5th
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Colles Fx
Transverse fracture of the distal radius in whihc it is displaced posteriorly
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Smiths Fx
Reverse of the Colles. Transverse fracture of the distal radius with anterior displacement
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When positioning the hand where is the CR centered?
Center to the PIP
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What kVp is used for the hand?
50-60 kVp
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What does a lateral view show?
Ant/Post. dislocation, or foreign body
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What position is the thumb done in?
AP. Only do PA if they are unable to do AP
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Name the positions, CR, Film size, kVp range, and SID for the THUMB
- AP, Oblique, Lateral
- CR to 1st MCP joint
- 8x10 cw
- 50-60 kvp
- 40" tabletop
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Name position, CR, film size and SID for DIGITS 2nd -5th
- PA, Oblique, Lateral
- CR to PIP joint
- 8x10 cw
- 40" tabletop
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Name position, CR, film size, KVP range and SID for HAND
PA- CR to 3rd MCP joint, 10x12 cw, 50-60Kvp, 40"t
Oblique- CR to 3rd MCP joint, 10x12 cw 50-60 kvp, 40" tabletop
Lateral, CR to 2nd MCP joint, 8x10 lw, 50-60 kvp, 40" tabletop
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Name Position, CR, film size, kvp, SID for Wrist
- P.A., Oblique, Lateral
- CR to midcarpal area
- 10x12 cw
- about 60 kVp
- 40" Tabletop
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Name position, CR, Film size, SID for "Ball Catchers"
- APO
- CR midpoint between both hands level with 5th MCP joint
- 10x12 cw
- 40" tabletop
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Name position, CR, film size, SID for Gaynor Hart
- Carpal tunnel
- 25* to 30* cephalad to the palm of the hand
- 8x10 lw
- 40"tabletop
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Name position, CR, film size, SID for radial and Ulnar Deviation
CR to midcarpal area, 8x10 cw, 40" Tabletop
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Name position, CR, film size, SID for Forearm
AP- arm on same plane, CR to midforearm, 14x17 lw, 40" T
Lateral- Elbow flexed at 90*, CR to midforearm, 14x17 lw, 40" T
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Name position, CR, film size, SID for Elbow
AP-arm on the same plane, CR to midelbow, 10x12 cw, 40" tabletop.
Oblique- Hand pronated with elbow at 45* angle, CR to midelbow, 10X12 cw, 40" Tabletop
Lateral- flex at 90*, CR to midelbow, 8x10 lw, 40"
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Name position, CR, film size, SID for Humerus
AP, Lateral-CR to the middle of humerus, 2 14x17 or 1 14x17 divided, 40" tabletop or bucky
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Name the Special Humerus position, CR, Film size, SID
Transthoracic lateral (Lawrence Method), Center to the head of humerus, 10x12 lw, 40" bucky with Full inspiration
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