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What does a French drain do
collects subsurface water and moves it to another location away from the structure
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A soil engineer rates potential change of soil volume by
the plasticity index (PI)
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What determines the type of foundation that should be installed at a particular site
a soil sample analysis by an engineer
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What type of foundation is best for weak soils
a pier and beam foundation
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A grade away from a foundation should fall ___ within the first ___
6in, 10ft
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What are the four main soil classifications:
sand, gravel, silt, clay
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A perimeter beam and slab poured at the same time as one piece is called ___
a monolithic slab
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What happens when moisture in the soil freezes
the water in the soil (not the soil) expands
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Lawn slopes toward foundation. How is it reported
In need of repair (sloping and drainage); possible water penetration
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To what does differential deflection refer
downwarping or cupping of the foundation
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How do you report evidence of wood destroying organism and wood damage in your report
In need of repair; recommend a wood destroying insect inspection
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Maximum distance a crawl space vent should be from the corner of a building
3ft
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What, in a brick veneer home, provides an outlet to drain moisture condensation and provides ventilation behind the brick
weep holes
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Bridging refers to the practice of
installing bracing between joists to add stiffness to the floor/ceiling
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What are some signs of differential settlement
cracks in interior and exterior walls, floors out of level, doors out of square or rubbing on the jamb, etc.
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What is the minimum crawl space access opening
18in by 24in if no mechanical equipment; 22in by 30in if mechanical equipmen is present in teh crawl space
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What is the "drying edge effect" on a foundation
it occurs when moisture is removed from the soil along the perimter of the foundation
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What is spalling
pieces of concrete flaking off; can be caused by a lack of a moisture barrier, but usually caused by a lack of sufficient cement in the concrete mix
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What is efflorescence
a white powdery substance that forms on brick walls and other masonry surfaces
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How does efflorescence get inside a basement
repeated moisture or water penetration, followed by drying, brings out the calcium in the brick or masonry product
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How much should concrete or masonry foundation walls extend above the finished grade
minimum of 4 inches
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Treated wood or decay-resistant lumber must be used on structural floor joists in a crawl space when closer than ___ to the ground
18 inches
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Structural girders in a crawl space must be made of treated or decay-resistant lumber when closer than ___ to the ground
12 inches
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Sills or plates which rest on concrete or masonry exterior walls less than ___ above grade must use treated or decay-resistant lumber
8 inches
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If an inspector is only able to enter part of the crawl space, how should he report this
In need of repair - insufficient clearance; also, was only able to inspect part of the crawl space
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Can decorative trim be nailed through EIFS
no
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Where should anchor bolts be located
within 12 inches of any opening or corner, and 6 feet on center
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What minimum size should anchor bolts be
1/2 inch in diameter
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How far should an anchor bolt be embedded
7 inches
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How large do weep holes have to be
3/16 inch in diameter and spaced no more than 33 inches apart
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What is cupping on a foundation
the tendency of the perimeter of the foundation to rise; usually due to excessive water around the perimeter
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What number do you divide the number of square feet in a crawl space by to determine the correct ventilation
150 unless a vapor barrier is present, then divide the square footage by 300
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In expansive soils, drainage from the roof to the ground surface must be at least ___ from the foundation walls if an approved drainage system is not used
5 feet
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