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Muscles of mastication
- adduction and lateral motion of jaw, includes:
- 1. masseter
- 2. temporalis
- 3. medial pterygoid
- 4. lateral pterygoid
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Mylohyoid
runs from mandible to hyoid bone; used in swallowing and speaking
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Posterior and anterior bellies of digastric
from mastoid process to symphisi menti
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Tensor veli palatini
tenses soft palate and aids in prevention of food into nasopharynx during swallowing
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Tensor tympani
dampens sounds
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Superior oblique
abducts, depresses, and internally rotates eye
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Lateral rectus
abduction, brings pupil away from midline
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Lacrimal gland
secrete tear film
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Nasal gland
moisturize nasal mucosa
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Submandibular gland
salivary glands beneath floor of mouth, superior to digastric muscles
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Sublingual glands
salivary glands beneath tongue, anterior to submandibular
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Stylohyoid
styloid process to hyoid bone, anterior to posterior belly of digastric (hence facial nerve also innervating posterior belly of digastric)
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Stapedius
smst m (1mm), stabilizes stapes and dampens vibrations
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Parotid gland
lgst of salivary glands, wraps around mandibular ramus
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Stylopharyngous
elevates larynx and pharynx, dilates pharynx to permit passage of lg food bolus-aids in swallowing
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Trapezius
moves scapula and supports arm
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Sternocleidomastoid
flexes and rotates head
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Glossus
- all extrinsic muscles of tongue, change position of tongue and are attached to bone (except palatoglossus):
- 1. genioglossus
- 2. hyoglossus
- 3. styloglossus
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Intrinsic muscles of tongue
- change shape of tongue, not attached to bone
- 1. superior longitudinal
- 2. inferior longitudinal
- 3. verticalis
- 4. transversus
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