The wave behavior of light is proven by diffraction, interference and the polarization of light.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 88
The particle behavior of light is proven by the photoelectric effect.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 89
The electromagnetic spectrum (radio, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray and gamma rays) is listed from lowest frequency to highest (longer to smaller wavelength).
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 90
The range of wavelengths for visible light goes from 400 nm for violet to 700 bm for red.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 91
All angles in reflection and refraction are measured with respect to the normal.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 92
At the critical angle a wave will be refracted to 90 degress.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 93
Total internal reflection occurs at angles greater than the critical angle.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 94
Light rays bend away from the normal as they enter a lower index of refraction medium while the frequency remains constant.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 95
Light bends toward the normal and has a shorter wavelength when it enters a higher index of refraction medium while the frequency remains constant.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 96
In Young's double-slit experiment interference and diffraction account for the production of bright and dark fringes.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 97
Single slit diffraction produces a mcuh wider central maximum than double slit.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 98
Waves in phase undergo constructive interference; waves out of phase (1/2λ) will undergo destructive interference.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 99
When light reflects from a medium with higher index of refraction than that of the medium in which it is traveling, a 180o phase change (1/2λ) occurs.
Geometrical and Physical Optics: 100
For a single optical device, real images are always inverted and virtual images are always upright.