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stressor vs stress response
- stressor is the event that creates the demand
- VS the stress response is the person's reaction to the demands.
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psychosomatic?
Actual problems with the body, but psychological factors excarbate the physical problems (psychological factors affecting medical conditions).
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what role does the hypothalamus have in stress?
It is the center of arousal and fear- activates the Autonomic Nervous System (network of nerve fibers that connects central nervous systems with all other organs ) and endocrine system (systems of glands throughout body that controls important activities such as growth and sexual activity)
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what happens when we face a dangerous situation? 1st pathway
hypothalamus excites the sympathetic nervous system- special ANS quickens heartbeat... also influences organs like stimulates adrenal glands, especially adrenal medulla- releasing epinephrine and nor-epinephrine, which travel through the system producing arousal and fear. then a second ANS called the PARAsympathetic which returns body processes to normal.
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what is the second pathway for fear and arousal?
hypothalamus signal pituitary gland, which releases ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)- which stimulates the adrenal cortex, which releases a group of hormones- corticosteriods, most notably cortisals- hormones which travel to various organs to produce fear and arousal responses.
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Trait anxiety?
- A person's general level of arousal and anxiety, bc it is the general level of anxiety each of us bring to an event.
- Don't forget variations of anxiety and reaction of person to such a stressor are also dependent on situation, state and anxiety.
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what is a fundamental difference between anxiety disorders and stress disorders?
in anxiety disorders, the anxiety is usually triggered off by something that most people would not find threatening.
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Acute stress disorder?
fear and related symptoms are experienced soon after a traumatic event and last less than a month.
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PTSD
fear and related symptoms are experienced long after a traumatic event
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DSM criteria for PTSD
- 1) experienced, witnessed or even confronted with traumatic event.
- 2) trauma is consistently re-experienced (intrusive memories, reliving experince, children display it in their play, flashback, stress when presented with a "traumatic cue"
- 3) persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with trauma and not responsive (avoid talking about event, restricted affect, "sense of foreshortened future")
- 4) increased arousal (difficulty sleeping, anger, hyper-vigilance, exaggerated started response).
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