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What are the 2 types of tissue disruption?
- 1. Mechanical
- 2. Neurological
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Types of mechanical disruption:
- 1. Compression
- 2. Tension
- 3. Shear
- 4. Torsion
- 5. Bending
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Shear:
Sliding force applied btw 2 TS tat generates excess friction
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Torsion:
Rotary (twisting) force applied to TS
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Neurological disruption:
Errors in signal processing within CNS and PNS
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Contractile:
Actively engaged to create movement > muscles, tendons
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Non-contractile:
Lack ability to produce movement > jt capsule, ligament, bursa, cartilage, fascia, dura mater, nerves
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Muscle > function:
- - Maintain posture
- - Create movement
- - Slow/stop mvmt/provide sensory feedback about body's position in space (proprioception)
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Strain:
MS fibers are torn w/in TS due to excessive tensile stress
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Tendons > function:
Transmit contractile force of associated MS to bone
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Tendons > Issues:
- - Tendonitis/tendinosis(chronic): abnormal condition of tendon
- - Tenosynovitis: inflammation and/or irritation btw tendon & synovial sheath
- - Avulsion: tendon forcibly torn away from bone attachment site
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Ligaments > function:
Connect adjacent bones & establish stability in skeletal struc
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Ligaments > Issues:
- Sprain - accute overload tensile stress on ligament fibers causing lig to stretch
- 1o: mild
- 2o: moderate
- 3o: severe (rupture)
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JT capsule > function:
Acts like ligament to maintain stability/support; houses synovial fluid
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JT capsule > Issues:
- - Capsular tear: tensile stress injury; similar to lig sprain
- - Capsular adhesion: fibrous adhesions of capsule to itself or adjacent TS
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Fascia > function:
Provide support, shape & suspension for soft TS
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Fascia > Issues:
- - Fascial tearing: scar TS form, lead to mvmt restriction
- - Fascial shortenings: fascia adapts to shortened/elongated positions
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Nerve > function:
Carries sensory & motor signals
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Nerve > Issues:
- - Compression/Tension: eventually causes pathological reaction or complete rupture
- - Degeneration: results from mech forces OR systemic disorders that attack nerve
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Cartilage > function:
Protective cushion, provides rigidity/support
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Cartilage > Issues:
- Degeneration: breakdown in integrity of cartilage matrix
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Bursa > function:
Provide cushioning, reduce friction btw adjacent structures
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Bursa > Issues:
- Bursitis: compressive damage (thickening of walls), results in inflammation
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