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what are the common or concerning symptoms with the female breast
- breast lump/mass
- pain/discomfort
- nipple discharge
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when is the best time to examine breasts
5-7 days after onset of menses
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Inappropriate discharge of milk-containing fluid if it occurs 6 or more mo's after childbirth or cessation of breast feeding
galactorrhea
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what are some important topics for the health promotion & counseling of the breasts
- palpable masses breast
- assessing risk of breast cancer
- breast cancer screening
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A palpable breast mass that is fine, round, mobile and nontender btwn ages 15-25
fibroadenoma
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palpable breast mass soft to firm, round, mobile often tender btwn 25-50
cysts
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palpable breast mass that is nodular & ropelike
fibrocystic changes
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palpable breast mass that is irregular, stellate, firm, not clearly delineated from surrounding tissue
cancer
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what are some factors that increase relative risk for breast cancer
- late preg greater than 30
- early menarche less 12
- late menopause greater than 55
- no full term preg
- never breast fed
- recent lt use of hormone
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what is the appropriate screening for mammography for women 40 to 50 yrs
every 1-2yrs
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when should woment get a clinical breast examination
- 20-40=every 3
- 40 & over=annully
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flattening of normally convex breasts suggests
cancer
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asymmetry of directions in which nipples point suggests what
underlying cancer
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A benighn but sometimes painful condition of dilated ducts w/surrounding inflammation associated w/masses
mammary duct ectasia=tender cords
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an imbalance of estrogens & androgens sometimes drug related which is a hard irregular eccentric or ulcerating nodule=breast cancer
gynecomastia
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sweat gland infection of the breast
hidradentitis suppurativa
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deeply pigmented velvety axillary skin suggests what
acanthosis nigricans
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