Microbiology Chapt. 20

Nervous system control of voluntary muscles, perception, and thought is localized in the
A. cerebellum
B. spinal cord
C. cerebrum
D. meninges
E. brain stem

The optic nerves are an example of which of the following?
A. mixed nerves
B. synaptic nerves
C. motor nerves
D. sensory nerves
E. spinal nerves

Which of the following are considered normal microbiota of the central nervous system?
a. Streptococcus pyogenes
b. Streptococcus agalactiae
c. Staphylococcus aureus
d. Haemophilus influenzae
e. None of the above

All of the following are ways in which pathogens can gain access to the central nervous system EXCEPT:
A. axonal transport
B. breaks in the meninges
C. via spinal taps
D. distortion of the blood-brain barrier
E. dendritic transport

Which of the following is a frequent cause of meningitis in newborns?
a. Streptococcus agalactiae
b. Listeria monocytogenes
c. Haemophilus influenzae
d. Neisseria meningitidis
e. Streptococcus pneumoniae

Which of the following causative agents of bacterial meningitis is transmitted by contaminated food?
a. Neisseria meningitidis
b. Streptococcus agalactiae
c. Haemophilus influenzae
d. Listeria monocytogenes
e. Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Which of the following is the least common cause of bacterial meningitis?
A. Streptococcus agalactiae
B. Haemophilus influenzae
C. Neisseria meningitidis
D. Listeria monocytogenes
E. Streptococcus Pneumoniae

All of the following are true statements concerning botulism EXCEPT:
A. Transmission can be prevented by destruction of Clostridium endospores
B. Death occurs from paralysis of the diaphragm
C. Botulism toxin is the deadliest toxin known
D. Antimicrobial drugs are used in the treatment of all forms of botulism
E. It is not usually a true infection

Which of the following produces the most deadly bacterial toxins known?
a. Clostridium botulinum
b. Clostridium tetani
c. Mycobacterium leprae
d. Listeria monocytogenes
e. Chlamydia trachomatis

How does tetanospasmin act?
A. It induces the nervous system proteins to fold into abnormal shapes
B. It blocks the secretion of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft
C. It blocks the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters in the CNS
D. It triggers the endocytosis of skeletal mescle cells
E. It is a pyrogenic toxin

All of the following are true statements concerning tetanus EXCEPT:
A. Diagnosis depends on isolation of the pathogen from specimens
B. The pathogen stays localized at the site of the infection
C. It is synonymous with lockjaw
D. Death can result from respiratory failure
E. It is transmitted via endospores

Hansen's disease is caused by
a. Mycobacterium leprae
b. coxsackie A virus
c. prions
d. Streptococcus agalactiae
e. Neisseria meningitidis

All of the following are true statements concerning leprosy EXCEPT:
A. Long-term antimicrobial treatment is usually necessary
B. It is difficult to transmit
C. It develops in the cooler regions of the body
D. Diagnosis rests on signs and symptoms, accompanied by microscopic evaluation of specimens
E. Humans are the only natural hosts

The least common type of polio is
A. minor polio
B. asymptomatic infections
C. postpolio syndrome
D. nonparalytic polio
E. paralytic polio

Poliovirus is most often transmitted via
A. household pets
B. droplets
C. mosquitoes
D. endospores
E. contaminated water

All of the following are true statements concerning rabies EXCEPT:
A. It is caused by an ssRNA virus
B. Bats are the source of most cases of rabies in humans
C. the infection can be treated with active immunization
D. Transmission is usually via a bite from a rabid animal
E. All mammals can serve as a reservoir for the disease

All of the following would be effective ways to prevent arboviral encephalitis EXCEPT:
A. elimination of stagnant water
B. use of insect repellent containing DEET
C. limiting contact with infected birds
D. use of mosquito netting
E. use of insecticides

Birds are the natural hosts associated with all of the following diseases EXCEPT:
A. West Nile encephalitis
B. Eastern equine encephalitis
C. St. Louis encephalitis
D. Venezuelan equine encephalitis
E. Western equine encephalitis