according to CAR 605.14 what are the minimum requirements for VFR flight in uncontrolled airspace?
Simple altimeter
Magnetic compass
Airspeed indicator
If flying VFR in controlled airspace , what 2 things are needed that arent required in uncontrolled airspace?
2 way radio
Adjustable altimeter
What 3 things must be visible to be flying in VFR?
1000 ft above and below
1 mile in each direction
must be able to see ground
What is VFR without sight of ground called?
VFR over the top
6 VFR OTT instrument requirements?
Adjustable altimeter
Airspeed indicator with anti-ice
Magnetic compass
gyroscopic direction indicator
Attitude indicator
Turn co-ordinator (turn and slip)
What is needed if flying in North Domestic Airspace?
A non-magnetic ,non GPS direction indicator
FL180 means what?
pressure altitude of 18000 ft
What is required above Night VFR for IFR? (3)
OAT
Power failure warning system
Alternate power source
How long must the battery be able to power aircraft systems in a power failure?
30 minutes
What spare fuses are necessary for Night VFR?
1 for every size and type
in the standard T configuration for gauges, which gauge is in the center?
Attitude gauge
What are the 6 Altimeter tests?
Scale error
Hysterisis
After effect
Friction
case leak
Barometeric scale error
Above 18000 ASL , what altitude type is used?
Pressure altitude
Below 18000ASL what altitude type is used?
Indicated altitude
"determines altitude by bouncing radio waves off the ground"
Radio altimeter
what does a white marking meanon an airspeed indicator ?
Safe flap zone
yellow zone on a airspeed indicator means?
caution range, safe in smooth airflow
red line on an airspeed indicator show?
Never exceed speed
what does a manual true airspeed indicator sense to compensate?
Temperature and Altitude
What are the 3 types of airspeed?
Indicated
Calibrated
True
What 2 pressures are sensed by an airspeed indicator?
Ambient and Pitot Ram air
What should be done to heated pitot tubes when a/c not in use?
covered to prevent bugs from blocking tubes
Aside from pitot tubes what other device is used to gather pitot air
Blades
A mach meter senses 2 things aside from pitot air?
temperature
Altitude
a VSI uses a _______ ____ to lag pressure and give and indication of altitude changes
Calibrated leak
an IVSI uses _____ or ____ to give an instantanious indication?
Dashpots or accelerometers
When an altimeter is tested it must be stamped with ?
What altitude it was tested to
When should you never move an aircraft with Gyros?
when the gyros are spinning down
How do you read pressure altitude in your altimeter?
Dial 29.92 in/hg into the Barometric scale
How do you read indicated altitude in your aircraft altimeter?
enter local barometric pressure in barometric scale
If your attitude indicator runs on vacuum, what device levels the gyro?
Pendulus vanes
How can you tell if vacuum pressure is lost on a modern attitude indicator?
a red flag will fall into view
What plane does an attitude indicator gyro spin on?
horizontal
what plane does a turn coordinator spin on?
45 degree
What is the benefit of a turn coordinator over a turn and slip?
turn coordinator shows yaw AND roll (slip and skid also)
When making a turn , what does the bal in a turn and slip show?
the center of centrifugal force
What 2 inputs does an attitude indicator show?
pitch and roll
Gyros can be spun by _____ or_____?
Vacuum air , electric motor
What pressure altitude is a case leak test does at?
18000 ft
What system is sometimes used to give pilots local barometric pressure and conditions at some uncontrolled airports?
ATIS (automatic Terminal information system)
While flying night VFR with passengers aboard, what lights are mandatory?
Anti-collision and landing lights
Label the gauges left to right, top row then bottom.
Airspeed , attitude, altitude, turn coordinator, heading indicator, VSI
What are 4 requirements of static air system?
1 Must be free of moisture
2 Static port heater operational
3 Leakage rate no more than 100ft/min
4 No skin deformation around static pickup holes
Pressure may be measured in 3 ways:
Absolute
gauge
differential
Under a standard day, atmospheric pressure is ____ in hg and ___ psi
29.92
14.7
An aneriod barometer measures (absolute or gauge) pressure?
Absolute
The difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure being measured is called?
Gauge
What instrument is used to measure high pressures?
bourdon tube
The 2 pressures sensed by an airspeed indicator are:
pitot
static
What measures the absolute pressure of the air surrounding the aircraft?
Altimeter
The altitude shown on the altimeter when the local altimeter setting is placed in the barometeric window is called?
Indicated
All elevations on aeronautical charts are measured from?
mean sea level
The scale in the barometric window of an altimeter may be calibrated in ?
inches of mercury or Millibars
The altitude shown on the altimeter shown when STD sea level pressure is put into the barometric window is called?
Pressure altitude
Flight level 320 is a pressure altitude of?
32,000 ft
Pressure altitude may be converted into density altitude by correcting the pressure altitude for non-standard ?
temperature
When static ports are exposes to disturbed air, the results are altimeter errors known as?
position error
Density altitude (is , is not) a direct measurement.
is not
Radio altimeters provide an indication of the aircrafts ______ altitude above _______ level.
Absolute
ground
Altimeters installed in aircraft that operate under IFR must have their accuracy checked every____ calender months.
24
The uncorrected reading of an airspeed indicator is called?
indicated
For navigation and flight planning a pilot is interested in (indicated or true airspeed)
True
The instrument that measures aircraft speed in relation to the speed of sound is?
machmeter
The rate of climb indicator is known as?
VSI
A VSI measures the rate of change of?
Static pressure
What is the instrument that measures the amount of force on the airframe during manouvers?
Accelerometer or G-meter
The 2 basic characteristics of a gyroscope that make it useful as a flight instrument?
Rigidity in space
precession
An attitude gyro uses what gyroscopic characteristic?
Rigidity in space
An artificial horizon indicator senses change around what 2 axis?
pitch and roll
The turn and slip indicator senses rotation around what axis?
Vertical
a rate gyro uses what gyro characteristic?
precession
A turn and slip indicator is actually 2 instruments, a non gyro instrument is called?
inclinometer
The difference between magnetic north and geographic north is called?
variation
Lines of equal variation on charts are known as?
isogonic lines
The line of zero variation is called the ?
agonic line
When magnetis fields in the aircraft cause interference with the compass it is called?
deviation
swinging the compass compensated for deviation or variation?
deviation
2 magnetic compass errors that a pilot must compensate for are?
turning error , acceleration error
A directional sensing gyro combined with direction sensing instrument is called?
a slaved gyro
2 major disadvantages of a venturi system powering instruments?
susceptible to icing
does not work until the aircraft is flying
The rotor vanes of a dry vacuum pump are made of?
carbon
Air driven gyroscopic instruments require very ______ air.
clean
An AME can dissassemble and repair an instrument. true or false
false
3 instruments connected to the static system are?
altimeter
airspeed
vsi
Pitot ice is prevented by ?
electricly heating the pitot tube
The alternate source valve is located in the (pitot or static) system.
Static
Greenwich mean time is also known as?
Z , Zulu
What does EHSI stand for?
Electronic horizontal situation indicator
What does CRT stand for?
Cathode ray tube
Shock mounts are used to isolate instruments from (high freq , low ampl or low freq, high ampl) vibration?
Low freq, high amplitude
A shock mounted instrument panel must be (bonded or grounded) to the airframe to provide a _______ path.
bonded , return
After completing a static system test it is critically important to?
remove all material used to block off ports
A static system leak check is satisfactory if the altimeter drops no more than ___ feet in one minute.
100 feet a minute
Color codes for conditions on the airspeed indicator.
Never exceed speed
flap operating speed
caution area
best single engine rate of climb
normal operating range
