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erythrocyte
red blood cell. there are about 5 million per microliter or cubic milimeter of blood
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granulocyte
white blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules; eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophil
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leukocyte
white blood cell
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lymphocyte
mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies
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monocyte
leukocyte with one large nucleus. It is a cell that engulfs foreign material and debris. Monocytes become macrophages as they leave the blood and enter body tissues.
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plasma
liquid portion of blood; contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, hormones, and vitamins.
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serum
plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. Clear, yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot. It is formed from plasma, but does not contain proetin-coagulation factors.
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sickle cell anemia
hereditary condition characterized by abnormal sickle shape of erythrocytes and by hemolysis.
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purpura
multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin.
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acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
immature lymphocytes (lymphoblasts) predominate. This form is seen most often in children and adolescents; onset is sudden. Leukemia: increase in cancerous white blood cells (leukocytes).
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chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. This most common form of lekemia usually occurs in the elderly and follows a slow progressive course. It often does not require immediate treatment.
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bleeding time
time required for blood to stop flowing from a tiny puncture wound. Normal time is 8 minutes or less. The Simplate or Ivy method is used. Platelet disorder and the use of aspirin prolong bleeding time.
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hematocrit (Hct)
percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood. a sample of blood is spun in a centrifuge so that the erythrocytes fall to the bottom of the sample.
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hemoglobin (Hgb)
hemoglobin test
- protein found in erythrocytes composed of heme (iron-containing pigment) and globin (protein). It enables the erythrocyte to carry oxygen. The combination of oxygen and hemoglobin (oxyhemoglobin) produces the bright red color.
- total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood.
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bone marrow biopsy
microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle.
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hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
peripheral stem cells from a compatible donor are administered to a recipient.
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