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Aboral Surface
- surface away from mouth
- "Ab" = away
- "Oral" = mouth
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Cardiac Stomach
- lower (oral) portion of stomach in starfish
- may stick out during feeding
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Chitin
- the organic component of arthropod exoskeleton
- consists of complex, nitrogen-containing polysaccharide
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Cocoon
protective covering to protect pupa in arthropods or eggs in annelds
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Compound Eye
made up of many units (ommatidia in arthropods)
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Digestive Caeca
- found in anterior portion of midgut
- secrete digestive juices
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Dioecious
- having separate sexes
- one has male reproductive system, another has a female repro system
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Endoskeleton
- skeleton covered by other soft body tissues
- in contrast with exoskeleton found in animals like arthropods
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Foregut
- In crayfish
- consists of mouth, esophagus, and 2 chambered stomach
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Ganglion
aggregation of neuron cell bodies
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Gastric Mill
grinding structure found w/in stomachs of crustaceans
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Gastrolith
- Storage structure
- contains high lvls of calcium
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Gizzard
portion of foregut that contains chitinized teeth to grind food
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Gonads
organ that produces sex cells in aminals
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Hemimetabolous
- life cycle where egg hatches into organism simliar to adult
- implies absence of a dramatic metamorphosis
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Hemolymph
fluid found w/in organism w/ open circulatory system
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Hemocoel
- Sinus or space filled with blood
- not a true coelom
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Hepatic Caeca
- Found in starfish - aka pyloric or digestive caeca
- most digestion and absorption of food occurs here
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Hermaphrodite
- having both male and female reproductive systems in same individual
- aka monoecious
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Homoteabolous
- life cycle where egg hatches into organisms very different from adult
- called indirect to emphasize presence of dramatic metamorphosis
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Larva
immature stage of vertebrate which differs greatly from adult
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Madreporite
- Sieve like opening to water-vascular system of starfish
- perforated by small holes which are lined with cilia
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Malpighian Tubles
a type of protonephridium found in insects
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Molting
Process of shedding all or part of outer covering
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Ommatidium
one of many units (up to 20,000) in the compound eye of arthropods
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Pupa
encased developmental stage that intervenes between larva and adult in homometabolous insects
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Pericardium
In arthropods, the sinus around the heart
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Pyloric Stomach
Upper (aboral) portion of stomach in starfish
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Rectum
terminal portion of gut which ends at the anus
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Spiracle
- Hole in integument for air to enter the trachea
- found on either side of first 7-8 abdominal segments
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Swimmerets
- Small paired appendages
- located on ventral surface of abdomen of crustacean
- used for swimming or reproduction
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Trachea
- Silvery tubules as seen in dissections
- extend from spiracle and becomes finely branched tracheoles
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