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These are possible causes:
Dehydration
Infections
Electrolyte imbalance
Hypoglycemia
Hypoxia
Adverse drug reactions
Delirium
hint: DIE HHA
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Sx of cognitive, social, physical, or emotional e.g. paranoia, pessimism, sadness, selfdegration, difficulty concentrating or thinking, disturbances of appetite and sleep
Depression
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Subtypes of depression are
- Major clinical depression
- Adjustment disorder
- Dysthymic disorder
Grief and depression
hint: MAD
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Broad range of sx, psychotic to life threatening; sad, depressed mood for over 2 weeks
Major clinical depression
-
Milder form; must last at least 2 weeks
Dysthymic disorder
-
Linked to specific physical / environmental stressors - nursing home
Adjustment disorder
-
Impairment of memory with at least one of the following during dementia
- Aphasia - difficulty to recall words
- Apraxia - loss of motor function
- Agnosia - loss abilty to recognize objects
- Disturbance in executive functioning
-
Warning signs for delirium page 688
Rapid fluctuation in level of consciousness (agitated to lethargic)
- Unfocuse speech and disorganize think
- Difficulty in maintaining attn span
- Disorientation to place or time
- Memory problems
- Illusions and hallucinations
- Strong emotional reactions
hint: RUDD MIS
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Pathologies that may cause delirium are (page 688)
hint: I watch death
- Infection
- Withdrawal
- Acute metabolic
- Trauma
- CNS pathology
- Hypoxia
- Deficiencies
- Endocrinopathies
- Acute vascular
- Toxins or drugs
- Heavy metals
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The #1 Mental Health Problem for elderly
Alzheimer's disease
-
Medication for Alzheimers is
Aricept
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Vascular dementia is often referred to as (page 703)
Multi-farct dementia
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A condition of unknown etiology called _____ _____ _____ the HIV causing AIDS, a dementia associated with athe spirchete causing Lyme's disease, Parkson's / Huntington's disease is
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (page 704)
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Severe overreaction out of proportion to the stimulus is
Catastrophic reaction
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The fastest growing segment of the U.S. population is what age?
People over the age of 85
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Which of the following assessment tools for ACS/Delirium would be used to identify client's "at risk"?
NEECHAM Confessional Scale pg. 689
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Elders w/ dementia are at increased risk for which of the folowing?
Delirium pg. 688
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When using the acronym IWATCH to identify pathologies that may cause delirium, the nurse recognizes that the "W" represents
Withdrawal from alcohol, barbiturates, or sedatives
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Process by which a person "knows the world" and interacts with it
Cognition
-
Loss of ability to recognize objects
Agnosia
-
Difficulty or inability to recall words
Aphasia
-
Loss of motor function
Apraxia
-
Intentional efforst to cover up memory losses or gaps
Confabulation
-
Multidimensional phenomenon incorporating changes in both cgnition and behavior
Confusion
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Acute change in a person's LOC and cognition that develops during a short period
Delirium
-
Gradual onset of multiple cognitive changes in memory, abstract thinking, judgment and perception that often results in a progressive decline in intellectual functioning and decreased capacity to perform daily activities
Dementia
-
Client involvement in the therapeutic relationships
Mutuality
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