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The 3 bones that make up the shoulder complex
Clavicle
Scapula
Humerus
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Clavicle joints
Sternoclavicular (S/C) joint articulates the clavicle with the sternum
Acromioclavicular (A/C) joint articulates the clavicle with the acromion
Glenohumeral joint articulates the humerus with the scapula
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Deltoid
- http://www.pelhamrehab.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/deltoid.gif
 - O: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
I: Deltoid Tuberosity
A: Abduct, flex, medially rotate, horizontally abduct shoulder
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Trapezius
- O: External occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes c-7 through t-12
 - I: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
A: extend, laterally flex, rotate neck and head/ elevateupwardly rotate, adduct, stabilize, depress, upwardly rotate scapula
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Latissimus Dorsi
- O: inferior angle of scapula, spinous processes of last
 - 6 thoracic vertebrae, last 3-4 ribs, posterior iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis
I: Intertubercular groove of humerus
A: Extend, adduct, medially rotate shoulder
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Teres Major
 - O: Inferior angle and lower 1/3 of scapula
I: Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus
A: Extend, adduct, medially rotate shoulder
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Rotator cuff muscles
- Supraspinatus
 - Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
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Supraspinatus
O: Supraspinous fossa
I: Surperior aspect of greater turbecle
A: Helps deltoid abduct arm
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Infraspinatus
O: infraspinous fossa
I: middle part of greater turbecle
A: laterally rotates arm at shoulder
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Teres minor
O: axillary/ lateral border of scapula
I: inferior aspect of greater tubercle
A: laterally rotates, abducts arm at shoulder
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Subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: medially rotates arm at shoulder
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Rhomboid Major and Minor
- O: Major; spinous process of T-2 through T-5
- Minor; spinous process of C-7 through T-1
 - I: Major; medial border of scapula between the spine and the inferior angle
- Minor: upper portion of the medial border of scapula
A: Adduct, elevate, downwardly rotate scapula
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Levator Scapula
- O: Transverse processes of C1-C4
 - I: Medial border of scapula between spine and superior angle
- A: Elevate, downwardly rotate scapula and
- laterlly flex, rotate, extend head
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Rhomboid Major and Minor
- O: Major: Spinous processes of T-2 through T-5
- Minor: Spinous processes of C-7 through T-1
- I: Major: Medial border of scapula between spine and scaupla
- Minor: Upper portion of medial border of scapula
A: Major: Adduct, Elevate, Downwardly rotate scapula
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Levator Scapula
O: Transverse vertabrae C-1 through C-4
I: Medial border, between superior angle and superior portion of spine
- A: Elevate, downwardly rotate scapula
- Laterally flex, rotate, extend head and neck
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Serratus Anterior
O: External surfaces of upper 8 or 9 ribs
I: Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
- A: Abduct, upwardly rotate, depress scapula/ holds medial border of scapula to rib cage
- Elevate thorax
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Pectoralis Major
O: Medeial half of clavicle, sternum, cartilage of first 1-6 ribs
I: crest of greater tubercle of humerus
- A: Adduct, medially rotate shoulder
- Flex, horizontally adduct, extend shoulder
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Pectoralis Minor
O: 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs
I: Medial surface of coracoid process of scapula
A: Depress, abduct, downwardly rotate scapula
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Subclavius
O: first rib and cartilage
I: inferior surface of 1/3 clavicle
- A: depress clavicle
- elevaate first rib
- stabalize strenoclavicular joint
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Biceps Brachii
- O: Short head: caracoid process of scapula
- Long head: Spraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: Tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of biceps and poneurosis of the biceps brachii
- A: Flex elbow and elbow
- Supinate forearm
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Triceps Brachii
- O: Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
- Lateral head: posterior surface of proximal half of humerus
- Medial head: Posteriour surface of distal half of humerus
I: Olecranon process of ulna
- A: extend elbow and shoulder
- Adduct shoulder
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Coracobrachialis
O: Coracoid process of scapula
I: Medial surface of mid humeral shaft
A: flex, adduct shoulder
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