Chapter 14: Gastrointestinal System; Anatomical Terms

cavity that receives food for digestion

three pairs of exocrine glands in the mouth that secrete saliva: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual

lateral walls of the mouth

fleshy structures surrounding the mouth

structure that forms the roof of the mouth, it is divided into the hard and soft palate

small projection hanging from the back middle edge of the soft palate

muscular structure of the floor of the mouth covered by mucous membrane and held down by a band-like membrane known and the frenulum

tissue covering the processes of the jaws

hard bony projections in the jaws that serve to masticate (chew) food

throat; passageway for food traveling to the esophagus and air traveling to the larynx

muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach

sac-like organ that chemically mixes and prepares food received from the esophagus

opening from the esophagus to the stomach

opening of the stomach into the duodenum

tubular structure that digests food received from the stomach

first portion of the small intestine

second portion of the small intestine

third portion of the small intestine

larger tubular structure that receives the liquid waste products of digestion, reabsorbs water and minerals, and forms and stores feces for defecation

first part of the large intestine

worm-like projection of lymphatic tissue hanging off the cecum with no digestive function - may serve to resist infection

portions of the large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum; identified by direction or shape

portion that extends upward from the cecum

portion that extends across from the ascending colon

portion that extends down from the transverse colon

portion that terminates at the rectum

distal (end) portion of the large intestine

dilated portion of the rectum just above the anal canal

opening of the rectum to the outside of the body

refuse; solid waste formed in the large intestine

evacuation of feces from the rectum

membrane surrounding the entire abdominal cavity consisting of the parietal layer (lining of the abdominal wall) and visceral layer (covering each organ in the abdomen)

space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum

a covering; an extension of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and connecting it with other abdominal organs

organ in the upper right quadrant that produces bile, which is secreted into the duodenum during digestion

receptacle that stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver

gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum, where it mixes with bile to digest food

ducts that convey bile, including hepatic, cystic, and common bile ducts

upper lateral regions beneath the ribs

upper middle region below the sternum

middle lateral regions

region of the navel

lower lateral groin regions

region below the navel