Chapter 9: Respiratory System; Anatomical Terms

structure that warms, moistens, and filters air as it enters the respiratory tract and that houses the olfactory receptors for the sense of smell

air-filled spaces in the skull that open into the nasal cavity

partition between the oral and nasal cavities; divided into the hard and soft palate

throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx

part of the pharynx directly behind the nasal passages

central portion of the pharynx between the roof of the mouth and the upper edge of the epiglottis

lower part of the pharynx just below the oropharynx opening into the larynx and the esophagus

oval lymphatic tissues on each side of the pharynx that filter air to protect the body from bacterial invasion - also called palatine tonsils

lymphatic tissue on the back of the pharynx behind the nose - also called pharyngeal tonsil

small projection hanging from the back middle edge of the soft palate, named for its grape-like shape

voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords

opening between the vocal cords in the larynx

lid-like structure that covers the larynx during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway

windpipe; passageway from the larynx to the area of the carina where it splits into the right and left bronchus

branched airways that lead from the trachea to the alveoli

two primary airways branching from the area of the carina into the lungs

progressively smaller tubular branches of the airways

thin-walled microscopic air sacs that exchange gases

two spongy organs, located in the thoracic cavity enclosed by the diaphragm and rib cage, responsible for respiration

subdivisions of the lung, two on the left and three on the right

membranes enclosing the lung an lining the thoracic cavity

potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pleura

muscular partiton that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and aids in respiration by moving up and down

partition that separates the thorax into two compartments and encloses the heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland

thin sheets of tissue that line the respiratory passages and secrete mucus, a viscid fluid

hair-like processes from the surface of epithelial cells, such as those of the bronchi, that provide upward movement of mucus cell secretions

functional tissues of any organ such as the tisses of the bronchioles, alveoli, ducts, and sacs that preform respiration