A key to minimizing the hazard of pesticide use to the applicator is to avoid exposure
True
The use of temperature or humidity manipulation
is a ___________________ control method for insects
Physical
Drift problems can be reduced by
placing a boom as close to the target as possible
Which is not a concern when handling an emulsifiable concentrate pesticide?
a.
Easily clogs nozzles and screens
EPA and WSDA are the only federal and state agencies that regulate pesticides.
False
Two or more pesticides which cannot be mixed together effectively are said to be ___________.
Incompatible
All formulations with the same active ingredient carry the same signal word.
False
The skull and crossbones symbol must appear on every pesticide label
False
The best way to dispose of a registered pesticide is to
Use it as directed on the label
To minimize drift when applying an herbicide the best type of nozzle to use is
A low pressure, flat fan
Which LD50 is representative of a highly toxic
pesticide?
46 mg/kg
Pesticide-contaminated surface water can contaminate groundwater
True
Pesticide records are useful only to applicators in case they have problems with effectiveness.
False
If an applicator had two major label violations and was cited by the WSDA, they could face a maximum fine of $15,000 and lose their license
True
Dealers must keep records for 7 years on the sale of general use agricultural pesticides
True
One of the earliest uses of chemicals as pesticides was the burning of sulfur
True
When the pest reaches the ________, pest management procedures need to be applied to prevent the pest from reaching the economically damaged populations.
Economic Threshold
Which of the following is not considered a mechanical control method?
Removing a rhododendron with a root disease from the landscape
Which of the following is a cultural control method?
Fertilization
Planting Time
Pruning
Crop Rotation
The first step in a pest management program should be to identify the pest
True
The use of temperature or humidity manipulation is a ________ control method for insects.
Physical
The goal of a pest management program is to eradicate the pest
False
Pest control that involves the use of numerous tactics is called
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Which of the following pesticides can be absorbed by the plant and translocated within the plant?
Sytemic
Which of the following was not an early (pre-1900) pesticide?
DDT
DDT was banned because of its
Stability and persistence
Legal control utilizes
Tortes
Piscides are pesticides that control spiders
False
Herbicides and insecticides are both pesticides
True
Synthetic organic pesticides were introduced
Post-World Wat II
The only purpose of federal and state pesticide laws is to protect the environment from hazardous pollutants.
False
The EPA has the authority to stop the sale or use of any pesticide
True
A dealer-manager must be present in a store or outlet when a commercial pesticide is sold or distributed
True
Restricted use pesticides can be used by an person, at any time, as long as they are purchased by a certified applicator
False
All pesticide products containing the same active ingredients are classified the same, either general use or restricted use, regardless of the formulation
False
The WSDA administers the pesticide licensing program in Washington
True
Every pesticide used in Washington must first be registered with the WSDA
True
SLN registration allows WSDA to register additional application sites to a federal label
True
Under a private applicator’s supervision, an unlicensed applicator can handle restricted use products
True
If a licensed commercial applicator in Washington chooses to recertify by course credit, how many recertification credits do they need?
40 credits in five years
If an applicator had two major label violations and was cited by the WSDA, they could face a maximum fine of $15,000 and lose their license
True
Pesticide inspectors from the WSDA enforce pesticide laws and have authority to
Inspect pesticide application equipment
Inspect pesticide storage and disposal areas
Inspect or investigate complaints or injury to humans or land
Sample pesticides being applied
EPA and WSDA are the only federal or state agencies that regulate pesticides
False
Private applicators are subject to criminal and/or civil penalties for unlawful conduct under FIFRA
True
An applicator can avoid harming the environment, misapplying pesticides, and violation of the law by reading and following label directions
True
The component of a pesticide formulation that controls the pest is the ______ ingredient
Active
Careful pesticide selection is important because pesticide formulations vary in their safety to the user, environment, and crop to be treated; efficacy; and cost.
True
Which of the following is not a concern when handling an emulsifiable concentrate pesticide?
Clogged nozzles and screens
Which of the following formulations dissolve in water
Soluble powders
Breathing dust is a potential hazard associated with the mixing of wettable powders and soluble powders.
True
Which of the following pesticide formulations must be mixed with water before being used by the applicator?
Flowables
When added to water, emulsifiable concentrates form emulsions
True
Most bait formulations have 50 percent or more active ingredient
False
Extreme care must be exercised when placing baits to make them inaccessible to children, pets, and other nontarget species.
True
All pesticide manufacturers include all the necessary adjuvants, thus you do not need to add them when mixing a spray tank load.
False
Which of the following is a true statement about fumigant formulations?
The use of fumigants is limited to soil and enclosed structures and containers
Fumigants are toxic to a wide range of pests
Fumigants are the most hazardous of the pesticide formulations
Fumigants are active as gases
Two or more pesticides that cannot be effectively mixed together are said to be____________
Incompatible
When adding two or more pesticides into a spray tank, always add the liquid formulations first.
False
Adjuvants are often required when making applications to leaves that are ____ or ______
Waxy or Hairy
Adjuvants can be added to any pesticide spray mixture
False
Before purchasing a pesticide, read the container label to determine
If the product can be used to treat your plant, crop, animal, or site
If the product will control the problem pest
How much product will be needed
If there are any environmental concerns
Regardless of the signal words they bear, all pesticide labels must carry the words, KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
True
All formulations of the same active ingredient carry the same signal word
False
The skull and crossbones symbol must appear on every pesticide label
False
Which signal word(s) on a pesticide label would indicate that the product is highly toxic to humans?
DANGER-POISON PELIGRO
Labels should be removed from pesticide containers and kept in a notebook so they remain clean and legible
False
A certain active ingredient has a technical chemical name and one accepted common name, but may be in products with several different trade/brand names
True
The hazard associated with a pesticide product depends entirely on the toxicity of the active ingredient
False
The most common route of pesticide exposure leading to poising is inhalation
False
Because of the protective nature of eye tissues, very little pesticide that contacts the eye is actually absorbed
False
Select the incorrect statement. Symtoms of pesticide poisining
Always occur immediately after exposure
Toxicity from small, repeated exposures to a pesticide over a period of time is called
Chronic toxicity
The signal word on a pesticide label indicates its
Toxicity
Which LD50 is representative of a highly toxic pesticide?
46 mg/kg
The potential adverse health effects of pesticides are studied on laboratory test animals
True
Which signal word(s) or symbol would indicate the product that is least toxic to an applicator?
CAUTION
Applicators who regularly use organophosphate and carbamate insecticides are advised to have a pre-season blood test to establish their normal (baseline) level of
Cholinesterase
A key to minimizing the hazard of pesticide use to the applicator is to avoid exposure
True
If pesticide is spilled on the skin or clothing, the first reaction should be to
Remove contaminated clothing and wash affected area with soap and water
A person who has swallowed pesticide must be made to vomit regardless of their condition or the pesticide in question
False
Pesticide labels contain information on the treatment of poisonings and should always be available, especially if medical attention is sought.
True
Under the Worker Protection Standard, a farm laborer who hand picks vegetables is considered a handler, not a worker
False
Pesticide respirators should be approved by the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Mine Safety and Health Administration
Mine Safety and Health Administration2.The life of the cartridge in respirator depends on the concentration of the pesticide used, the breathing rate of the person wearing the respirator, and the capacity of the cartridge to bind to the chemical
True
Gloves and boots worn when handling pesticides should be made of
Unlined Rubber
For convenience, all clean protective equipment and clothing should be kept with pesticides in a locked pesticide storage area
False
Wash clothing lightly contaminated with pesticide separately from family laundry in hot water with laundry detergent
True
When filling a spray tank with water, backsiphoning is prevented by
Attaching an anti-backflow valve to the hose
Keeping the hose above the level of the water in the spray tank
Avoiding water sources with fluctuating pressure
Using a bucket to fill the tank
Application records must be kept for _____ years
Seven
The best way to dispose of a registered pesticide is to bury it in a safe place
False
A quick and effective way to deal with any spill is to hose down the area with water
False
Pesticides should be stored
Only in their original containers
If a nozzle becomes clogged while spraying
Stop spraying, move to an untreated area, and use a soft brush to clean the plugged nozzle
Never use your waste rinsewater as a diluent for future applications
False
Pesticides should not be transported in the passenger compartment of a vehicle
True
Which is an undesirable characteristic of a pesticide storage area
Well lighted by direct sunlight
What Washington State agency is responsible for the regulations regarding respirator testing and cartridge longevity for employees who require respirators to do their jobs?
Dept. of Labor and Industries
The airborne movement of a pesticide from its target area occurs only during application and is clearly visible when it occurs
False
Select the condition that could help reduce pesticide volatilization
Incoporation
Pesticide adsorption is greatest in course, sandy soils
False
Runoff is usually more likely from a water saturated soil than from an unsaturated soil.
True
Pesticide degradation processes can be beneficial because they reduce the amount of pesticide residue in the environment
True
The upper level of the water-saturated zone in the soil is called the
Water table
Pesticide properties have little if any effect on whether a chemical will reach groundwater
False
Pesticides can reach groundwater through
Leaching
Pesticide-contaminated surface water can contaminate groundwater
True
To reduce the potential for groundwater contamination
Do not dispose of leftover spray mix near wells or sinkholes
Prevent back-siphoning into water sources
Delay application of pesticides if a heavy rain is expected
Triple-rinse containers before disposal
Spray drift is the least when which of the following conditions exist?
Droplet size increases, wind speed decreases
Select the FALSE statement. To reduce the changes of bee poisoning for pesticides
Select dust formulations whenever possible
Fish kills most commonly result from pollution of water by
Insecticides
Drift problems can be reduced by
Placing a spray boom as close to the target as possible
Accidental or intentional environment damage caused by a pesticide can result in financial losses to the responsible party
True
The most common way for pesticides to enter your body is
Dermal absorption
When using an emulsifiable concentrate formulation, what do you need to remember?
This formulation may have a high phytotoxicity hazard
Which one of the following is not registered as a pesticide under Washington pesticide laws
Nitrogen fertilizer
Which one of the following is not a possible penalty for a single violation of the pesticide label for use inconsistent with the label?
2 years in federal prison
Why are some pesticides classified as “restricted use?”
Their use is a hazard to the applicator or the environment
Which one of the following does not have to be on your application records
Relative humidity
Organophosphate and carbamate insecticides have the most direct effects on what major body system?
Nervous
Which one of the following pesticide characteristics contribute to an increase potential for ground water contamination?
High solubility
If you have a pesticide spill at your mix and load site that doesn’t pose a threat to the environment or humans, you should
Control, confine, and clean up the spill
Preharvest intervals stated on a pesticide label are designed to
Protect produce from residues over tolerances
For which of the following pesticides can 2-PAM be used as an antidote?
Organophosphates
If the product you choose to use has an Endangered Species Restricted listed, you should
Obtain the necessary information to determine what the restriction entails
You are storing a pesticide with a CAUTION signal word. Which one of the following is required by Washington law for storage?
Secured area, out of the reach of children
Which of the following conditions contribute most to spray drift?
A small orifice with high pressure
Which of the following items does not have to be in a dealer’s records if the sale was for a restricted use pesticide?
Common name of product
Prior to selling or distributing a general use pesticide to a customer, a dealer must
Be confident the purchaser will pay
Dealers must keep records on sales of
Any pesticide with the exception of home and garden pesticides
Your outlet has a 2.5 gallon container of Brand X herbicide. You transfer 1 pint into a container for a custom and affix a Xerox copy of the label