midterm

• examples
• synonyms
• antonyms
• general sense of the sentence or passage

• look for general versus specific ideas
• use the topic to lead u to the main idea
• use key words to lead u to the main idea

• several kids of (ways of)
• three advantages of
• varios reasonds for
• several causes of
• five steps
• a number of effects
• some factors in
• among the results
• a serious of

central point, center idea, or thesis.

all the specific supporting detail of the passage fit under it.

• reasons
• examples
• facts
• steps
• or other kinds of evidence that explain the main idea.

major and minor supporting details.

outlining, mapping, and summerizing

because they show the relationship between the MAIN idea, MAJOR detail and MINOR detail of a passage.

because they r very visual outlines.

by writing the definition and summarizing an example.

only suggested by the supporting detail but not clearly stated in one sentence.

• who or what is the paragraph about= topic
• what is the main point the author is trying to make about that topic.
• does all or most of the material support the main idea/

• transitions
• pattern of organization

they show relationship between ideas/carry readers across from one idea to another.

signal added ideas

for one thing, second, also, in addition, and finally

firts, next, after, last

• author will provide one or more examples to develop and crarify a given idea.
• (for example, such as, including, specifically, to illustrate, one, once).

• illustration
• comparison and contrast
• cause and effect

like, alike, both, differently, although, however,

• reason or result of something.
• (therefore, thus, consequently, results in, since, accordingly).

drawing conclusions, and reading between the lines. not directly stated. (cartoons, tables and graphs)

what is the authors purpose to (infor, persuade, or entertain)

the author attitude or feeling about a subject. (sympathetic, angry, affectionate, respectful) most important to recognize is IRONY

• good argument=made up a point, or a conclusion and logical evidence to back it up.
• recognize the point author is making
• if evidence relavant
• author's support is adequate.

• separating fact from opinion
• detecting propaganda
• reconizing errors in reasoning

• bandwagon=everybody else is doing it
• testimonial=famous people influence
• transfer=associates themselves with people admire or desire.
• plain folks=they try to show they are ordinary.
• name calling=negative comments on opponent
• glittering generalities=not true or false cannot be experimented on such as (slogans)

• circular reasoning=repeats itself rather than reason to back up statement.
• personal attack=ignores the issue and concentrates on the character of the opponent.
• straw man=argument made by claiming an opponent holds an extreme position and then opposing that extreme position.

• false cause=othere events alone show
• false comparison= only alike but not really
• either or= assumes that there are only 2 sides to a question.