-
what is an allele?
An allele is one of two or more forms of a gene Sometimes, different alleles can result in different traits, such as color.
-
Who is Gregor Mendel?
Father of Genetics created complete dominance breeding garden peas.
-
What is phenotype?
The physical characteristics that are observable, of the offspring.
-
What is genotype?
The genotype is the genetic makeup of a cell, an organism, or an individual
-
What is the dominant allele?
Dominance in genetics is a relationship between two variant forms of a single gene, in which one allele masks the expression of the other in influencing some trait.
-
What is a recessive allele?
An allele whose phenotypic effect is not expressed in a heterozygote.
-
What is a monohybrid cross?
- a method of finding out the inheritance pattern of a trait between two single organisms. A purple flower pea plant with a white flower pea plant
-
What is a dihybrid cross?
A dihybrid cross is a cross between F 1 offspring (first generation offspring) of two individuals that differ in two traits of particular interest.
-
What is incomplete dominance?
A heterozygous condition in which both alleles at a gene locus are partially expressed, often producing an intermediate phenotype. Red and white flower makes pink.
-
what are p, F1 and F2 generations
P is mom and dad, then 1st generation, then F2 is second generation
-
What blood type is the universal doner and which is the universal acceptor?
Blood type "O" is the universal doner and blood type "AB" is the universal acceptor
-
Can you have a child with "O" blood type if the parents are A and B blood type?
Yes
-
What is the probability that a child of the parents, whose blood types are AB and B will have B blood type?
.66 or one quarter
-
What is pleiotropy?
Most genes influence multiple factors Sickle cell disease is one pleiotropy
-
What is polygenic inheritance?
skin color and height are the additive effects of 2 or more genes on a single phenotype character
-
What is epistasis?
when one gene influences the phenotypic effect of the other gene?
-
What kinds of advantages does CVS have over amniocentesis
CVS takes several hours and you can do this proceedure at 8 to 10 weeks amnio takes much longer
-
What criteria are used to determine two chromosomes as homologous
Chromosomes that are homologous have the same alleles such as Big S and little s "Ss"
-
What is X-inactivation?
X-inactivation is females have the "X" chromosome, or X-inactivation (also called lyonization) is a process by which one of the two copies of the X chromosome present in female mammals is inactivated.
-
What is Barr body?
A Barr body (named after discoverer Murray Barr is the inactive X chromosome in a female somatic cell, rendered inactive in a process called lyonization,
-
What is a test cross?
In genetics, a test cross, first introduced by Gregor Mendel, is used to determine if an individual exhibiting a dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous for that trait.
-
Describe the experiment by Griffith that led to the transformation principle?
Griffith studied the genetic role of DNA. He used 2 strains of bacteria, one harmless the other pathenogenic. He killed the path. then mixed the dead and other with new, safe bacteria. This created some new disease-causing bacteria.
-
What is the transformation principle?
experiments suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation principle
-
What is Chargraff's Rule?
Chargraff's rule states that the amount of DNA in any one species was equal. DNA from any cell of all organisms should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases and, moreover the amount of guanine equal to that of cytosine.
-
Describe the structure of DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid - Has a single ring structure of pyridimines Thymine and Cytosine, and a double structure ring of purines called Adenine and Guanine
|
|