Endocrine System: Diagnostic Tests and Procedures; Laboratory Testing

measurement of the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood

measurement of blood sugar level after a fast of 12 hours

measurement of blood sugar level after a meal, commonly after 2 hours

measurement of the body's ability to metabolize carbohydrates by administering a prescribed amount of glucose after a fasting period, then measuring blood and urine for glucose levels every hour thereafter -- usually for 4 to 6 hours

molecule (fraction) in hemoglobin that rises in the blood as a result of an increased level of blood sugar; it is a common blood test used in diagnosing and treating diabetes

measurement of the level of specific ions in the blood; electrolyte balance is essential for normal metabolism

measurement of thyroid hormone levels in blood plasma to determine efficient or glandular secretions, including T3, T4 and TSH

chemical tests to determine the presence of sugar or ketone bodies in the urine; used as a screen for diabetes