Cell Membrane and Transport

ICF is an anacronym for:

Fluid outside of the cell membrane is known as:

What are the four functions of the cell membrane?

Physical isolation provided by the cell membrane helps to maintain seperate:

Cell membranes keep the _______ and ________ physically isolated.

True or False: The cell membrane controls the amount of exchange between the ICF and ECF.
True False

The primary environment of cells is the:

What does amphipathic mean?

When a phospholipid has both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions is can be classified as:

Which region of the phospholipid minimizes and regulates exchange, hydrophobic or hydrophilic?

Are the phospholipid heads polar or non-polar?

Are phospholipid fatty acid tails polar or non-polar?

Which region of the phospholipid is hydrophilic, the head or the tail?

Which region of the phospholipid in hydrophobic, the head or the tail?

The fluidity of cell membranes is due to this characteristic of phospholipids.

The unsaturated fatty acid chains in the tails of phospholipids keep them from:

Do phospholipids switch places laterally or flip-flop more frequently?

How often do laterally movements take place in the cell membrane?

When a phospholipid "flip-flops," where does it go?

Membrane proteins found only on the outside of the membrane are known as:

Membrane proteins that span the entire width of the membrane are known as:

This molecule is found in the membrane and aids in membrane fluidity.

What are the six classes of membrane proteins?

Which class of proteins act as stabilizers?

True or False: Anchoring proteins can attach to both the inside and outside of structures.
True False

Which class of proteins function as identifiers, function as part of the immune system, and deal with "self vs. non-self?"

Which class of proteins catalyze reactions and lower the energy of activation?

This class of proteins act as binding sites for things like enzymes, hormones, and neurotransmitters.

These proteins are able to transport things into or out of your cells.

These proteins create a pore in the membrane through which specific molecules can travel.

Proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycolipids make up what cellular component?

The glycocalyx is a:

List the functions of glycocalyx.

If a cell membrane was freely permeable, what types of things could cross it?

The selective permeability of cell membranes allow us to maintain what?

Does sodium have a higher or lower concentration outside the cell?

Does potassium have a higher or lower concentration inside the cell?

Which molecule, sodium or potassium, has the lower concentration outside the cell?

Which molecule, sodium or potassium, has a higher concentration outside the cell?

What types of particles cannot cross the cell membrane?

True or False: Non-lipid solubles without a specific membrane channel can still enter the cell.
True False

True or False: Lipid solubles can diffuse directly through the membrane and can go in and out at will.
True False

What is diffusion?

What is the concentration gradient?

Is moving from high concentration to low concentration going up or down the gradient?

Transport that does not require an energy input is known as:

What three factors also affect diffusion?

As temperature increases, the rate of diffusion gets:

Which molecule will diffuse faster, a large one or a small one?

The number of particles in a solution is it's:

The higher the viscosity the ______ the diffusion.

Once the solute concentration is the same, diffusion stops because ________ has been reached.

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is known as:

Water will move from an area of _____ solute concentration towards an area of ______ solute concentration.

The rate of osmosis is regulated by:

The osmotic pressure is the amount of force needed to:

The higher the pressure, the _______ osmosis.

A hypertonic solution has a ______ concentration of solutes than the cell.

A solution with a lower concentration of solutes than the cells is a:

Which type of solution has an equal concentration of solutes with the cells in it?

In which type of solution will be see cell crenation (shrivelling)?

In which type of solution will we see cell lysis?

Which type of solution will demonstrate no net water movement?

What type of solution is ideal for plants?

When an isotonic solution is introduced to plants what happens?

When a hypertonic solution is introduced to a plant, water leaves the cell causing:

What is filtration?

The force that pushes a liquid across the filtration membrane is the:

What attribute determines whether or not a molecule gets filtered or not?

What type of transport occurs when a molecule utilizes a transport protein to move things across the membrane?

What type of molecules require help from a carrier protein?

When a protein changes form to allow a molecule to enter the cell, you have what type of diffusion?

True or False: Facilitated diffusion moves down the concentration gradient and thus does not require energy.
True False

Moving two solutes across the cell membrane in the same direction is known as:

Moving two solutes across the membrane in opposite directions is known as:

Active transport requires a source of energy because it moves _____ the concentration gradient.

Membrane transport that requires an energy source is called:

The sodium-potassium pump is an example of what type of transport?

Transport that utilizes a membrane bound structure to carry something is known as:

The process of bringing something inside a cell is known as:

The process of bringing solids into the cell, or cell eating, is known as:

Cell drinking is known as:

The two types of endocytosis discussed are:

The process of taking things out of the cell is known as:

Secretory vesicles are part of exocytosis or endocytosis?

A red blood cell prefers what type of solution?

What type of solution will cause cell lysis in red blood cells?

Explain how a hypotonic solution causes cell lysis.

A hypertonic (salt water) solution will cause what phenomenon in red blood cells.

When comparing molar concentration of solutes on either side of a membrane do you add or multiply the individual concentrations?