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What is pharmacology?
The study of drugs
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What is a drug?
Any chemical or substance used to dx, tx, cure or prevent dz.
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What does an antipyretic do?
Relieves fever.
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What does an analgesic do?
Relieves pain.
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Define chelation.
The combination or addition of a metal in a ring or compound
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Define half-life as it pertains to this subject.
The time required for 1/2 the drug to be eliminated from the body.
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Define titration.
The art of raising/ lowering a drug until clinically effective levels are reached.
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Define supra infection.
An infection that occurs above the original infection, but not necessarily b/c of the original infection. May alter original tx.
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Define drug vehicle.
The substance in which a drug is dissolved or carried. Can be dry or liq.
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Define efficacy.
How well a drug works. (NOT related to how much has to be given)
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Define paradoxical.
When something outside of what is expected happens. (Ex: an induction drug makes the pt bounce off the walls)
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Define pharmacodynamics.
The study of the mechanisms of action of drugs and other biochemical and physiological effects. (What a drug does to a healthy pt with no illness)
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Define pharmacotherapy.
The tx of dzs with medicines.
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Define pharmacotherapeutics.
The study of the MOA of a drug and its biological and physiological effects on a sick pt that has a dz.
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Pharmacokinetics
The study of motion. What happens in the pt concerning drug absorption, blood levels, distribution, metabolism and excretion.
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Toxicology.
Study of ODs and poisons
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Pharmacy
The science concerned with collection, preperation, standardization, and dispensing of drugs.
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Drug safety
Based upon therapeutic index.
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Effective dose
The amount of a drug that produces the desired effect in 50% of pts.
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Lethal dose
The amount of a drug that produces death in 50% of pts.
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Calculation for therapeutic index
LD/ED=TI
The TI must be at least 4 for a drug to be considered "safe". The higher the TI, the safer the drug. (As in, the higher the number, the more you can screw up before you kill a pt)
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Chemical name
The really really long one (NOT the generic name)
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Generic name
Made up by a company, refers to the composition. Non-exclusive to the company (the company that picks the generic name does not own it and it can be used by anyone)
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Brand/ Trade/ Propietary name
Picked by a company, has to be registered and is owned. If patented, the company owns that drug formula for 17 years.
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Generic drug
A drug that is made by a company that does not own the drug. These are usually drugs that were never patented or the patent has expired.
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Legend drug
Requires an rx to be obtained.
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