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Dermatophytes
- Infectious disease that consist of a type of fungi that infect the keratin of the stratum corneum, hair, and nails.
- Cause circular, elevated, red, and scaly lesions of the skin.
- Spread really quickly.
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Types of Dermatophytes
- Tinea (or ringworm) capitis. Fungi infection on the head
- Tinea corporis. Fungi infection on the torso of the body
- Tinea cruris. Fungi infection on the inguinal region
- Tinea pedis. Fungi infection on the feet
- Tinea unguium. Fungi infection on the nails
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Psoriasis
- A chronic inflamatory rash characterized by erythematous papules and plaques found on extensor surfaces and scalp.
- Known for causing "beefy-red" plaques with silver scaling skin.
- Features Rapid Epidermal Hyperplasia.
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What is the most important cause of cutaneous cancer?
Ultraviolet light because it causes damage to the DNA, leading to cancer with continued cell divisions.
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Osteoarthritis
- Type of disease of the synovial joint
- Most common cause of joint disability
- Is a noninflammatory degeneratioon of articular cartilage manifested in weight bearing joints and fingers
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Chondromalacia
Secundary - underlaying cause (trauma) of Osteoarthritis that affects the patellar cartilage in young people causing pain and stiffness.
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5 types of low back pain
- Vascular
- Neurogenic
- Viscerogenic
- Psychogenic
- Spondylogenic
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Vascular back pain
- Poor vascularity (blood flow) on the back
- Aneurysms or peripheral vascular disease may give rise to symptoms similar to sciatica
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Neurogenic back pain
Tension, irritation, and compression of lumbar nerves usually caused by disc herniation or spinal injuries.
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Viscerogenic back pain
Pain caused by visceros/organs in the abdominal wall (kidneys, spleen, bladder or prostate, pancreas).
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Psychogenic back pain
- "It's all in your head" pain.
- Emotional overtones may cloud the clinical picture.
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Spondylogenic back pain
- Common type of back pain
- Disc generation may occur along the spine producing pain
- Radicular pain. Irritation of spinal nerves
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Types/Classification of Fractures
- Open
- Closed
- Displacement
- Pathologic
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Open Fracture
Bone stick out of the skin
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Closed Fracture
Skin stays intact, broken bone stays inside the skin.
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Displacement Fracture
Bone it is displaced (moved) out of its normal position.
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Pathologic Fracture
Broken bone is the result from a disease process (osteoporosis).
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Abnormal Spinal Curvatures
- Scoliosis
- Kyphosis
- Lordosis
- Gibbous
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Scoliosis
A lateral curvature of the spine. ("S" shape curvature)
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Kyphosis
Excessive posterior curve of the thoracic spine.
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Lordosis
An exaggerated cervical and lumbar curve.
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