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topical organization
organization by recency, primacy, complexity
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primacy
- arrangement of ideas, most imprtant > least important,
- strongest > weakest
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recency
- least important > most importanrt
- weakest > strongest
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complexity
simple > more complex
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chronological organization
time, sequence
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spatial organization
location, position, direction
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cause-effect organization
""
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problem - solution organization
""
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specificity
specific to general, general to specificq
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soft evidence
hypotheitcal
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hard evidence
factual stats and examples
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signpost
verbal / nonverbal organizational signal
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preview
stating what is to come
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initial preview
first statement of main ideas.. presented around central idea
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internal preview
preview within speech of whats yet to come
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transition
word, phrasem nonverbal taht moves things along or connects relationships from one to another
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verbal tranitions
word or phrase
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non verbal trans.
facial, vocal, movement that signals next idea
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internal summary
what has been said so far
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final summary
recap beofre conclusion
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introduction
- opening lines :
- attention, introduce topic, cred., central idea, preview main ideas.
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conclusion
- closing lines
- leave final impression
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standard outline format
numbered & lettered headings/ subheadings to indicate relationship of parts of pres.
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