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pyel/o
means renal pelvis
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cyst/o
means urinary bladder
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vesic/o
means urinary bladder
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dia-
means through, between, apart, complete
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-cele
means hernia, tumor, swelling
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-emia
means blood condition
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-ectasis
means enlargement or stretching
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glomerul/o
means glomeruli
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-lithiasis
means presence of stones
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-lysis
means breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening
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-osis
means abnormal condition
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-pexy
means surgical fixation
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-ptosis
means or dropping down
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pyel/o
means renal pelvis
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-stenosis
means abnormal narrowing
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-uria
means urination, urine
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anuria
the complete suppression of urine formation by the kidneys
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catheterization
insertion of a sterile catheter through the urethra and into the urinary bladder
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cystalgia
pain in the urinary bladder
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cystectomy
surgical removal of all or part of the urinary bladder
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cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
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cystocele
a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall
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cystography
a radiographic examination of the bladder after instillation of a contrast medium via a urethral catheter
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cystolith
presence of stones in the urinary bladder
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cystopexy
surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall
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cystorrhagia
bleeding from the bladder
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cystorrhaphy
to suture the bladder
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cystoscopy
visual examination of the urinary bladder using a cystoscopecystoscopy
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diuresis
increased excretion of urine
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diuretics
medications administered to increase urine secretion to rid the body of excess sodium and water
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dysuria
difficult or painful urination
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enuresis
the involuntary discharge of urine
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epispadias
in the male, a congenital abnormality in which the urethral opening is located on the upper surface of the penis. in the female with epispadias, the urethral opening is in the region of the clitoris
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glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli
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glomerulus
is a cluster of capillaries surrounded by a membrane called the Bowman's capsule.
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hemodialysis
removal of waste products by filtering the patient's blood
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homeostasis
to control bleeding
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hydronephrosis
dilation of the renal pelvis of one or both kidneys
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hydroureter
distention of the ureter with urine that cannot flow because the ureter is blocked
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hypospadias
in the male, congenital abnormality in which the urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis. In the female with hypospadias, the urethral opening is into the vagina
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interstitial cystitis
inflammation within the wall of the bladder
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lithotomy
surgical incision for the removal of a stone; an examination position
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lithotripsy
destruction of a kidney stone with the use of ultrasonic waves traveling through water; also know as extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy
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meatotomy
an incision of the urinary meatus to enlarge the opening
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micturition
aka: urination or voiding
the normal process of excreting urine
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nephrectasis
distention of a kidney
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nephritis
inflammation of the kidney
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nephrolith
presence of stones in the kidney; also known as renal calculus or a kidney stone
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nephrolithiasis
a disorder characterized by the presence of stones in the kidney
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nephrolithotomy
surgical removal of a kidney stone through an incision in the kidney
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nephrologist
a specialist in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys
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nephrolysis
freeing of a kidney from adhesions
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nephropathy
disease of the kidney
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nephropexy
surgical fixation of a floating kidney
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nephroptosis
the downward displacement of the kidney; also known as a floating kidney
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nephropyosis
formation or discharge of pus from the kidney
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nephrosis
any abnormal condition of the kidney
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nephrostomy
surgical establishment of an opening between the pelvis of the kidney through its cortex to the exterior of the body
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nephrotic syndrome
a group of kidney diseases characterized by edema, hyperproteinuria, hypoproteinemia, and hyperlipidemia
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nocturia
excessive urination during the night
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oliguria
scanty urination
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paraspadias
a congenital make abnormality in which the urethral opening is on one side or the penis
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peritoneal dialysis
removal of waste products through fluid exchange in the peritoneal cavity
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polyuria
excessive urination
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pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
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pyelogram
a radiographic (x-ray) study of the kidneys and ureters in which iodine is injected into a vein as a contrast medium to define these structures more clearly
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pyelonephritis
inflammation of the renal pelvis and of the kidney
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pyeloplasty
surgical repair of the renal pelvis
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pyelotomy
a surgical incision into the renal pelvis
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suprapubic
an indwelling catheter placed into the bladder through a small incision made through the abdominal wall just above the pubic bone
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uremia
a toxic condition caused by excessive amounts of urea and other waste products in the bloodstream; also known as uremic poisoning
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ureterectasis
distention of a ureter
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ureterectomy
surgical removal of a ureter
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ureterolith
presence of stones in a ureter
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ureteroplasty
surgical repair of a ureter
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ureterorrhagia
bleeding from the ureter
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ureterorrhaphy
to suture a ureter
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ureterostenosis
a stricture of the ureter
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urethralgia
pain in the urethra
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urethritis
inflammation of the urethra
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urethropexy
surgical fixation of the urethra usually for the correction of urinary stress incontinence
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urethroplasty
surgical repair of the urethra
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urethrorrhagia
bleeding from the urethra
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urethrorrhea
an abnormal discharge from the urethra
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urethrostenosis
a stricture of the urethra
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urethrostomy
surgical creation of a permanent opening between the urethra and the skin
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urethrotomy
a surgical incision into the urethra for relief of a stricture
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urography
a radiographic examination that traces the action of the kidney as it processes and excretes dye injected into the bloodstream
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vesicovalginal fissure
an abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina
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