patho ch17

a lack of hydrochloric acid in the stomach

the clumping together of red blood cells or bacteria, usually in response to a particular antibody

a yellow-orange compound produced by the breakdown of hemoglobin from red blood cells. It is found in bile, produced by the liver, It circulates in the bloodstream in two forms- indirect (unconjugated) and direct (conjugated). (responsible for yellow color in bruises, brown color in feces, and yellow color of jaundice)

blue coloring of the skin due to hypoxemia

a degenerative process that erodes away the myelin sheath that normally protects nerve fibers, (exposes these fibers and appears to cause problems in nerve impulse conduction that may affect many physical systems (seen in multiple sclerosis).

hemoglobin that has lost its O2, it is dark, bluish-red color and found in venous blood

process in which WBCs leave the capillaries and enter the tissues when they are needed for defense.

difficulty breathing/labored breathing

the medical term for a subcutaneous purpura larger than 1 centimeter or a hematoma, commonly called a bruise, it can be located in the skin or in a mucous membrane

is a disease state in which the proportion of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells increases

hormone originating form the kidney that stimulates RBC production in the red bone marrow in response to hypoxia

is an ubiquitous intracellular protein that stores iron and releases it in a controlled fashion, the protein is produced by almost all living organisms, including bacteria, algae, and higher plants, and animals. In humans, it acts as a buffer against iron deficiency and iron overload

removal or resection of part of the stomach

inflammation of the tongue

bleeding into a joint cavity

refers to the proportion of cells (essentially erythrocytes) in blood and indicated the viscosity of blood. males-48%, females-42%

when various blood cells develop from a single stem cell

destruction of RBCs, may cause elevated serum levels of bilirubin.

frothy sputum containing streaks of blood, spitting up blood

a yellowish-brown granular intracellular pigment that is formed in some phagocytic cells (as macrophages) by the breakdown of hemoglobin and is probably essentially a denatured form of ferritin

blood clotting, controlling bleeding

enlarged liver

less color (of cells)

protein (a cytokine) primarily produced by T-cells, active in inflammatory and immune responses and leukocyte communication

above normal number of leukocytes in the blood

lack of WBCs in the blood

production of WBCs

disease affecting the lymph nodes

an exceptionally large red blood cell occurring chiefly in anemias

a phagocytic tissue cell of the immune system that may be fixed or freely motile, is derived from a monocyte, functions in the destruction of foreign antigens (as bacteria and viruses), and serves as an antigen-presenting cell

faulty absorption especially of nutrient materials from the gastrointestinal tract

abnormally large, nucleated, immature erythrocytes

small cell

size and shape of cells

inhibitory, depressant, or destructive to a component of bone marrow ( a serious side effect of chemotherapy)

are a diverse collection of hemotological medical conditions that involve ineffective production of (or dyplasia), or the myeloid class of blood cells

lack of neutrophils in the blood

bright red in color form O2 saturation in lungs, distinguishes arterial blood from venous blood

pale face

a decrease in all blood cells-RBCs, WBCs, and thrombocytes

tiny pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin

incision in a vein and the collection of blood

the clear/yellowish fluid remaining after cells have been removed

a condition caused by dilation of superficial blood vessels, characterized by a reddish face

immature RBC

liquid portion of the blood remaining after cells and fibrinogen (clotting factors) have been removed

enlarged spleen

inflammation or ulceration in the mouth

fainting, temporary loss of consciousness

excessively rapid heartbeat

abnormally low number of thrombocytes or platelets