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Class
Benzodiazepine, Tranquilizer, Anticonvulsant, sedative, and hypnotic
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Description
Lorazepam is the most potent benzodiazepine available. It has strong anti-anxiety, sedative, hypnotic and skeletal muscle relaxant properties, and a relatively short half-life
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Mechanism of Action
Benzodiazepines bind to specific sites on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Type A receptors within the brain. GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system. Increased GABA levels cause sedation.
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Onset of Action
Onset: IV: 1-5 min IM: 15-30 min Peak: IV: 15-20 IM: 2 hours Duration: IV: 6-8 hours IM: 6-8 hours Half -Lfe: IV: 10-20 hours IM: 10-20 hours
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Indications
Major motor seizures, status epilepticus, premedication before cardioversion, muscle spasms, and acute anxiety.
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Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to drug
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Precautions
Should be diluted with NS or D5W prior to IV administration. Seizures may reoccur due to short half-life. Additional dose may be required.
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Side Effects
Amnesia,blurred vision, drowsiness, hallucinations, tachycardia, headache, hypotension nausea, respiratory depression, vomiting
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Pedi-Dose
0.05-0.10mg/kg max 4mg
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Max Dose
Administer as needed
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Routes of Administration
IV, IM, IO
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