-
provides cohesive attraction between adjacent water molecules
Hydrogen
-
acts as a linkage between amino acids in proteins
Peptide
-
Ionic Bond
- -Based on electrical attraction
- -involve positive (+) cation bonding with negative (-) anion
-
3 common ionic bonds:
- NaCl (table salt)
- KCl (potassium chloride)
- CaCl2 (calcium chloride)
-
What happens to ionic bonds in liquid?
They dissociate into their original components
-
Covalent bond
atoms sharing electrons in their outer shell.
-
Hydrogen bond
a slightly charged (+), covalently bonded hydrogen attracted to a negatively charged atom
-
peptide bond
covalent bond between amino acids
-
disulfide bond
covalent linkage between two adjacent sulfur atoms
-
contain positive and negative ions
inorganic compounds
-
ionic bonding base upon unlike charges
inorganic compounds
-
are generally small in biological systems
inorganic compounds
-
acids, bases, and salts
inorganic compounds
-
always have both C and H
organic compounds
-
always have covalent bonding
organic compounds
-
can form long, chain-like repeating structures
organic compounds
-
DNA/RNA, lipids, proteins
organic compounds
-
Contain C, H, O in a 1:2:1 ratio
carbohydrates
-
not water soluble
neutral fats and oils
-
have saturated fats, are implicated in atherscerlosis
animal fats and butter
-
have one to many double covalent bonds in fatty acid chains
plant fats
-
primary component of cell membrane
phospholipid
-
formed from a basic structure of four fused carbon-rings
steroids
-
sex hormones, adrenocortical, cholesterol
steroids
-
the most diverse group of macromolecules with the most varied functions
proteins
-
amino acids joined by peptide bonds
proteins
-
the sequence of amino acids that make up a specific protein
protein primary structure
-
polypeptide formed as an alpha helix or folded into a pleated structure; maintained with hydrogen bonds
protein secondary structure
-
protein's distinctive 3D shape
protein tertiary structure
-
DNA and RNA
nucleic acids
-
Which bond is typically found in inorganic compounds?
ionic
-
two atoms in a compound that share outer orbital electrons?
hydrogen bond
-
a specific bond that stabilizes the tertiary structure of some proteins
disulfide
-
the bond between oxygen and the two hydrogen atoms in a water molecule
covalent
-
involves interactions between cations and anions
ionic bonding
-
hundreds of thousands of very weak linkages which provide stability to macromolecules such as polypeptides
hydrogen
-
includes compounds such as steroids and cholesterols
lipid or phospholipid
-
chemical structure of most enzymes
polypeptide or protein
-
the principle structural component of cell membranes
lipid or phopholipid
-
involved in transcriptional and translational aspects of protein synthesis
nucleic acid or nucleotide
-
adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the storage form of energy
nucleic acid or nucleotide
-
contains a nonpolar, water insoluble end and a polar, water soluble end
lipid or phopholipid
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