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what is the primary tool for a psychiatric mental health nurse
communication and interpersonal relationship
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____ is learned, shared, and ever changing
culture
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in a given society what does culture define?
roles, relationships, rights and obligations of its members
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can humans exist apart from nature?
NO
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learned beliefs about what is held to be good or bad in a culture
values
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learned behaviors that are perceived to be appropriate or inappropriate in a culture
norms
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the perception that our worldview is the only acceptable truth and that our beliefs, values, and sanctioned behaviors are superior is called?
ethnocentrism
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___ is when all members of a particular culture, expect the members to hold the same beliefs and behave in the same way
stereotype
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what are some points related to culture:
- transmits meaning
- is learned
- is shared
- is everchanging
- is dialogical
- defines values and norms
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what does campinha bacote's model describe
the process of cultural competence in the healthcare services
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what are 5 elements in the process of cultural competence of healthcare services?
- cultural desire
- cultural encounter
- cultural skill
- cultural knowledge
- cultural awareness
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represents the "want to" engage in becoming culturally competent
cultural desire
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represents self examination and in depth exploring of ones own cultural background
cultural awareness
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involves seeking and obtaining a sound educational base about culturally different groups
cultural knowledge
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reflects the ability to collect cultural data about the clients presenting problem and also accurately perform a culturally based physical assessment
cultural skill
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encompasses the process that encourages the professional to directly engage in face to face interactions with culturally varied clients
cultural encounterss
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a behavior that leininger and macfarland says to avoid, and which is the attempt to treatt all persons fairly by ignoring differences and acting as though the differences did not exist
cultural blindness
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some nursing behaviors that need to be avoided
- cultural blindness
- stereotyping
- ethnocentrism
-
identification with a socially, culturally, and politically constructed group of individuals that hold a common set of characteristics not shared by others with whom its members come in contact
ethnicity
-
examples of ethnicity elements
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what are 6 cultural variables that have an effect on health and illness behaviors
- communication
- space
- social organization
- time
- environmental control
- biological variations
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what are 5 categories that need to be assessed to which culturally sensitive mental health care can be planned
- beliefs about mental illness
- interpersonal interaction
- verbal and nonverbal communication
- diet and food habits
- biological variations
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1. sorcery
2. breach of taboo
3. intrusion of a disease object
4. intrusion of disease causing spirit
5. loss of soul
are all examples of
beliefs about causation of mental illness
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to provide culturally safe and effective care the nurds needs to what?
understand the potential variations in the who, what, and when of care seeking
- 1. consider age, gender, behaviors, feelings
- 2. acceptable treatment
- 3. circumstances Pt.s seek care
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for asians what is the best healing source
family
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person from this culture will consider the individual to be less important than the group
collectivist culture
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what is an important thing a nurse must do to communicate effectively with a client?
interpret meaning of words and behaviors
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a person who can interpret language, the client's culture, and the health care culture is said to be the ideal person to be an interpreter
cultural facilitator or broker
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what must be avoided when selecting and interpreter
- age
- sex
- socioeconomic group
- family
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if an interpreter isn't available what should the nurse be able to do
use pantomime
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what are 5 categories of nonverbal communication
- vocal cues(tone, pitch)
- action cues(posture, gesture)
- object cues(clothing, hair stele)
- touch
- personal/territorial space
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what factors affect pharmacological and behavioral aspects of medicating clients of different cultures
genetic, environmental, and behavioral differences
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comprises all that is learned through socialization, shared by all group members, and associated with adaptation to the environment
culture
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_____ includes knowledge, beliefs, art, morals, law and customs
culture
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is defined to be malleable and changes slightly during interpersonal interactions between persons from different cultures
culture
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stereotyping clients from different cultures can lead to ?
unsafe care
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all aspects of verbal and nonverbal communication can often serve as ______ to communication
barriers
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