Periodontium

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What does the periodontium include?
- Cementum
- Periodontal Ligament
- Alveolar Bone
Periodontium

Supporting hard amd soft dental tissues b/w and including portions of the tooth and alveolar bone
Cementum
- Covers the ENTIRE root
- Thickest: Apex
- Thinnest: CEJ
- 65% mineralized
- Resembles bone
- From dental sac
- After HERS
Cell stages of Cementum
- Undifferentiated cells become cementoblasts
- Undergo cementogenesis
- Become CEMENTOCYTES
What TWO fibers come from the Fibrous Matrix?
- Sharpey's
- Intrinsic Nonperiodontal
Sharpey's Fibers
- Organized
- 90 degree angle
Intrinsic Nonperiodontal Fibers
- Unorganized
- Parallel
CELLS in Cementum
- Cementocytes
- Lacunae
- Canaliculi
Cementocytes

Entrapped cementoblasts
Lacuna

Small space that surrounds each cementocyte
Canaliculi

Lacuna Canals
THREE patterns of the CEJ
- Overlap
- Meet
- Gap
TWO stages of Cementum Repair
- Resorption
- Repair of traumatic resorption
Resorption
(Cementum Repair)

Removal of cementum by odontoclasts resulting in reversal lines (scalloped)
Repair of traumatic resorption
(Cementum Repair)

Building of cementum by cementoblasts resulting in arrest lines
Cementum Repair is from trauma due to:
- Occlusal force
- Ortho tooth movement
- Shedding
- Erurption
- Does NOT remodel
TWO types of Cementum
- Acellular (Primary)
- Cellular (Secondary)
Acellular (Primary)
- FIRST layers
- No cementocytes
- SLOW
- Covers root & CERVICAL 1/3
- Width never changes
- Sharpey's are fully mineralized
Cellular (Secondary)
- LAST layer
- Many cementocytes
- FAST
- Apical 1/3
- Width can change
- Sharpey's are partially mineralized
Periodontal Ligament
- From the dental sac
- Connective tissue
TWO types of nerves in the PDL
- Afferent
- Autonomic Sympathetic
CELLS types in the PDL
- Fibroblasts
- Cementoblasts
- OsteoBLASTS
- OsteoCLASTS
- Odontoclasts
- Undifferentiated Mesenchymal
- Epithelial Rests of Malassez
Cementoblasts

Form cementoid or cementum matrix
Principal Fibers

Within either cementum or alveolar bone are called SHARPEY'S fibers
FIVE groups of the Alveodental Ligament
- Alveolar Crest
- Horizontal
- Interradicular
- Oblique
- Apical
What THREE alveodental ligaments resist tilting, intrusive, extrusive & rotational forces?
- Alveolar Crest
- Horizontal
- Interradicular
Interdental Ligament
- Holds teeth in interproximal contact
- No bone attachment
What are the FOUR gingival fibers?
- Circular
- Dentogingival
- Alveogingival
- Dentoperiosteal

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svisperas

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Periodontium

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Periodontium

Updated

2011-06-23T03:30:28Z