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Functions of the Integumentary System
- Protects against infection and other "invaders" (e.g. radiation)
- Assists with prevention of dehydration
- Controls body temperature
- Receives sensory information
- Eliminates waste products
- Produces Vitamin D
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Skin
largest organ; external covering of the body
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Epidermis
the surface layer of the skin that contains strata (sublayers), melanin (pigment giving the skin its color), and keratin ( protein that thickens skin and makes skin waterproof)
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Dermis
the deeper layer of the skin that contains nerves, blood vessels, collagen and other skin structures or appendages
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Collagen
fibrous protein found in the dermis, connective tissues, tendons and ligaments. It is sometimes referred to as the body's glue, providing strength and flexibilty
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sweat glands
coiled tubes located in the dermis that produce and transport seat to help regulate body temperature and remove waste
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ceruminous glands
structures located in the ear that secrete cerumen (earwax) for protection
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sebaceous glands
structures connected to hair follicles located in the dermis that secrete sebum to lubricate skin and hair
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hair
structures composed primarily of dead keratinized tissue that cover most of the body
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nails
hard, keratinized structures located on tips of fingers and toes
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subcutaneous tissue
layer of tissue below the dermis composed of adipose and elastic fibers that connects the dermis to muscle surfaces
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Superficial or first degree burn
involves the epidermis; has a red appearance with minimal or no edema
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Partial thickness or second degree burn
involves the epidermis and part of the dermis; has a blistered red appearance with edema
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Full thickness or third degree burn
involves the epidermis, entire dermis, and often the underlying tissues; has a pale white or charred appearance with broken skin and edema
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Basal cell carcinoma
malignant disease of the basal cell layer of skin
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Squamous cell carcinoma
malignant disease of the squamous cell layer of skin; more likely to metastasize than basal cell
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Melanoma
highly malignant nevus (mole)
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Acne
inflammation of sebaceous glands
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Albinism
abnormal absence of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes
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Avulsion
tearing away from a body structure
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Cyst
a sac containing a liquid
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Decubitus
bedsore; ulceration resulting from pressure and poor circulation
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Dermatitis
inflammation of the skin characterized by prutitus (itching), erythema (redness), and lesions
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Eczema
form of dermatitis with a combination of vesicles and dry, leathery patches
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Excoriation
abrasion (scrape) of the epidermis
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Fissure
furrow, crack, groove, or crevice
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Herpes Simplex
cold sore or fever blister
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Herpes Zoster
painful vesicles along peripheral nerve tractscaused by the herpes zoster virus, which also causes varicella
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Impetigo
bacterial infection, usually around the mouth and nose, caused by staphylococci pr streptococci; dry to crusty vesicles
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Lesion
abnormal change in localized tissue caused by injury or disease
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Macule
small spot or colored area (such as a freckle)
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Nevus (mole)
raised congenital spot on the skin surface
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Pediculosis
infestation with lice
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Psoriasis
chronic inflammatory ksin disease characterized by scaly red patches on body surface
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pustule
pus or lymph filled vesicle
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Scleroderma
disease causing thickened, rigid skin
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Tinea corporis
ringworm; fungal infection
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Tinea Pedis
athlete's foot; fungal infection
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Ulcer
open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane
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Vesicle
blister like sac on the skin
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Vitiligo
skin disease with white milky patches surrounded by normal pigmentation
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Wheal
round, elevated skin ledion with white center and red periphery
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