Musculoskeletal System: Diagnostic Terms

stiff joint condition

inflammation of the joints characterized by pain, swelling, redness, warmth, and limitation of motion

• Includes:
• - osteoarthritis (OA)
• - degenerative arthritis
• - degenerative joint disease (DJD)
• - rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
• - gouty arthritis

most common form of arthritis that especially affects weight-bearing joints; characterized by the erosion of articular cartilage

most crippling form of arthritis characterized by a chronic, systemic inflammation most often affecting joints and synovial membranes causing ankylosis and deformity

acute attacks of arthritis usually in a single joint caused by hyperuricemia (an excessive level of uric acid in the blood)

dead bone tissue from loss of blood supply such as can occur after a fracture

swelling of the joint at the base of the great toe caused by inflammation of the bursa

inflammation of a bursa

condition that results from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel at the wrist, characterized by pain, numbness, and tingling in the wrist and fingers and weak grip; commonly seen as a result of cumulative trauma of surrounding tendons

softening of cartilage

inflammation of epiphyseal regions of the long bone

a broken or cracked bone

• Includes:
• - closed fracture
• - open fracture
• - simple fracture
• - complex fracture
• - fracture line
• - comminuted fractue
• - greenstick fracture

a broken bone with no open wound

a compound fracture; a broken bone with an open wound

a nondisplaced fracture involving one fracture line that does not require extensive treatment to repair

a displaced fracture that requires manipulation or surgery to repair

line made by broken bone

broken in many little pieces

bending and incomplete break of a bone-most often seen in children

protrusion of a degenerated or fragmented intervertebral disk so that the nucleus pulposus protrudes, causing compression on the nerve root

bone marrow tumor

inflammation of muscle

muscle tumor

• Includes:
• - leiomyoma
• - leiomyosarcoma
• - rhabdomyoma
• - rhabdomyosarcoma

smooth muscle tumor

malignant smooth muscle tumor

skeletal muscle tumor

malignant skeletal muscle tumor

a category of genetically transmitted diseases characterized by progressive atrophy of skeletal muscles

bone tumor

type of malignant bone tumor

disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency

• Includes:
• - rickets

osteomalacia in children

infection of bone and bone marrow causing inflammation

condition of decreased bone density and increased porosity, causing bones to become brittle and liable to fracture

kyphosis, lordosis, scoliosis

abnormal posterior curvature of the thoracic spine (humpback condition)

abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (sway-back condition)

abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

forward slipping of a lumbar vertebra

stiff, immobile condition of vertebrae due to joint degeneration

injury to a ligament caused by joint trauma but without joint dislocation or fracture

a partial dislocation

inflammation of a tendon