Test two

.2 to 2 microns diameter 2 - 8 microns long

contain no histone proteins associated with dna

divide by binary fission

have multiple linear chromosones

cell wall does not contain peptidoglycan

divide by mitosis and meiosis

sphere shaped

rod shaped

very short rod shaped

banana shaped

spiral shaped and rigid

spiral shaped and flexible

form when bacteria divide in one plane only

form when bacteria division occurs in two planes

form when bacteria division is in three planes

form when bacteria from irregular division

things found inside a cell (such as food)

carbohydrate outer protective layer

in bacteria it is peptidoglycan

cell membrane of a bacteria

attatchment structures of bacterium

movement structure of bacterium

protein factories within bacteria

liquid interior of cell

region where DNA hangs out within a cell of bacterium

spot where membrane and dna connect within bacterium is called

extra piece of DNA; not part of the main chromosome. useful but non critical genes

transfer tube which allow movement of DNA from one bacterium to another- horizontal evolution

protective slime coating secreted by the cell

process of passing genes from one cell to another which that cell did not originally have

single flegellum located at the end

multiple flegella located at one end

flegella located at both ends

flegella scattered over entire surface

set of two or four proteins anchoring the flegellum to the cell membrane

# of proteins connecting the basal body for the flegellum in gram +

# of proteins connecting the basal body for the flegellum in gram -

bacterium identified by flagella ex

sometimes called endoflagella, create contractions for mvmt

mvmt toward favorable chemicals such as nutrients or away from harmful chemicals

mvmt toward stronger concetration of stimulus

mvmt toward or away from light

composed of a network of repeating sugar molecules and proteins called peptidoglycans

two sugars involved in the structure of the cell wall

has a thick layer of peptidoglycan with thin plasma membrane

thin layer of peptidoglycan in between two layers of plasma membrane

outer membrane of g -

composed of:

an endotoxin causing fever and shock

create the structure of a plasma membrane

protein that extends through both sides of the phospholipid bilayer

protein that is only exposed to one surface of the phospholipid bilayer

equal solute concentration to cell interior

causes water mvmt in or out of a cell

filtration based on

protein mediated. molecules that are needed inside the cell can be transported againstthe concentration gradient

molecules are chemically altered during trip across the membranein a way that keeps it inside the cell

made of rRNA and protein and are the protein factories of the cell in bacteria

inorganic phosphate store. stain red in the presence of methylene blue

can utilize sulfur as an energy source

present in bacteria that can use CO2 and photosynthesis to produce energy

bubbles help maintain a particular depth so the organism has access to light and nurtrients

magnetic clusters of iron oxide to protect from hydrogen peroxide

resting state formed by some bacteria during enviromental stress

process of forming spores

spore returning to the vegetative state

help stabalize the membrane and prevent it from rupturing

bags of protective enzymes

energy producing structures

store cellular products (proteins and lipids)

endoskeleton of cell

makes ribosomal RNA

present in plants, algae, and fungi (NOT animals)

composition of cell wall in yeast

ribosomal subunits in eukaryotes

two phospholipid bilayers make up

folds in the inner membrane of mitochondria to increase SA

has a double phospholipid bilayer but is not organelle

have their own DNA and ribosome (70s)

bacteria structures moved into us and now are a part of us

have their own DNA and 70s ribosome
replicate by binary fission

protein part of an enzyme is called

non protein component is the

a high temperature that causes enzyme to perform at a limited level

start krebs with

step one of krebs

transforms from succinyl coa yielding one ATP

only step to yield FADH2

one cycle of krebs yields # NADH

FADH2 produced in one cycle of krebs